Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany
Respiratory disease is a significant economic issue in pig farming, with a complex aetiology that includes swine influenza A viruses (swIAV), which are common in European domestic pig populations. The most recent human influenza pandemic in 2009 showed swIAV’s zoonotic potential. Monitoring pathogen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2239938 |
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| author | Annika Graaf-Rau Christin Hennig Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski Monika Koechling Julia Stadler Jan Boehmer Ulrike Ripp Anne Pohlmann Bernd-Andreas Schwarz Martin Beer Timm Harder |
| author_facet | Annika Graaf-Rau Christin Hennig Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski Monika Koechling Julia Stadler Jan Boehmer Ulrike Ripp Anne Pohlmann Bernd-Andreas Schwarz Martin Beer Timm Harder |
| author_sort | Annika Graaf-Rau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Respiratory disease is a significant economic issue in pig farming, with a complex aetiology that includes swine influenza A viruses (swIAV), which are common in European domestic pig populations. The most recent human influenza pandemic in 2009 showed swIAV’s zoonotic potential. Monitoring pathogens and disease control are critical from a preventive standpoint, and are based on quick, sensitive, and specific diagnostic assays capable of detecting and distinguishing currently circulating swIAV in clinical samples. For passive surveillance, a set of multiplex quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCRs (mRT-qPCR) and MinION-directed sequencing was updated and deployed. Several lineages and genotypes of swIAV were shown to be dynamically developing, including novel reassortants between human pandemic H1N1 and the avian-derived H1 lineage of swIAV. Despite this, nearly 70% (842/1216) of individual samples from pigs with respiratory symptoms were swIAV-negative, hinting to different aetiologies. The complex and synergistic interactions of swIAV infections with other viral and bacterial infectious agents contribute to the aggravation of pig respiratory diseases. Using a newly developed mRT-qPCR for the combined detection of swIAV and the recently described porcine respirovirus 1 (PRV1) and swine orthopneumovirus (SOV) widespread co-circulation of PRV1 (19.6%, 238/1216 samples) and SOV (14.2%, 173/1216 samples) was evident. Because of the high incidence of PRV1 and SOV infections in pigs with respiratory disease, these viruses may emerge as new allies in the porcine respiratory disease syndrome. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0b3075fd7a2c4df78a9bfe30b8e6d69b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj-art-0b3075fd7a2c4df78a9bfe30b8e6d69b2025-08-20T03:31:12ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512023-12-0112210.1080/22221751.2023.2239938Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in GermanyAnnika Graaf-Rau0Christin Hennig1Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski2Monika Koechling3Julia Stadler4Jan Boehmer5Ulrike Ripp6Anne Pohlmann7Bernd-Andreas Schwarz8Martin Beer9Timm Harder10Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyCeva Santé Animale, Duesseldorf, GermanyCeva Santé Animale, Duesseldorf, GermanyClinic for Swine at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Oberschleissheim, GermanyIVD Society for Innovative Veterinary Diagnostics mbH, Seelze-Letter, GermanyVaxxinova diagnostics GmbH, Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyVaxxinova diagnostics GmbH, Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyRespiratory disease is a significant economic issue in pig farming, with a complex aetiology that includes swine influenza A viruses (swIAV), which are common in European domestic pig populations. The most recent human influenza pandemic in 2009 showed swIAV’s zoonotic potential. Monitoring pathogens and disease control are critical from a preventive standpoint, and are based on quick, sensitive, and specific diagnostic assays capable of detecting and distinguishing currently circulating swIAV in clinical samples. For passive surveillance, a set of multiplex quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCRs (mRT-qPCR) and MinION-directed sequencing was updated and deployed. Several lineages and genotypes of swIAV were shown to be dynamically developing, including novel reassortants between human pandemic H1N1 and the avian-derived H1 lineage of swIAV. Despite this, nearly 70% (842/1216) of individual samples from pigs with respiratory symptoms were swIAV-negative, hinting to different aetiologies. The complex and synergistic interactions of swIAV infections with other viral and bacterial infectious agents contribute to the aggravation of pig respiratory diseases. Using a newly developed mRT-qPCR for the combined detection of swIAV and the recently described porcine respirovirus 1 (PRV1) and swine orthopneumovirus (SOV) widespread co-circulation of PRV1 (19.6%, 238/1216 samples) and SOV (14.2%, 173/1216 samples) was evident. Because of the high incidence of PRV1 and SOV infections in pigs with respiratory disease, these viruses may emerge as new allies in the porcine respiratory disease syndrome.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2239938Swine influenza A viruszoonosisporcine respirovirus 1swine orthopneumovirusemerging virusessurveillance |
| spellingShingle | Annika Graaf-Rau Christin Hennig Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski Monika Koechling Julia Stadler Jan Boehmer Ulrike Ripp Anne Pohlmann Bernd-Andreas Schwarz Martin Beer Timm Harder Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany Emerging Microbes and Infections Swine influenza A virus zoonosis porcine respirovirus 1 swine orthopneumovirus emerging viruses surveillance |
| title | Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany |
| title_full | Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany |
| title_fullStr | Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany |
| title_short | Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany |
| title_sort | emergence of swine influenza a virus porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in germany |
| topic | Swine influenza A virus zoonosis porcine respirovirus 1 swine orthopneumovirus emerging viruses surveillance |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2023.2239938 |
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