Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial Sarcoma

Purpose: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare, aggressive soft tissue malignancy that is divided into biphasic and monophasic histologic subtypes. In addition to surgical resection, radiation therapy (RT) improves local control in patients at higher risk of recurrence. This study aimed to investigate the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jennifer K. Matsui, MD, PhD, Scott Jackson, MS, Judy Fang, MS, David G. Mohler, MD, Robert J. Steffner, MD, Raffi S. Avedian, MD, Gregory W. Charville, MD, PhD, Matt van de Rijn, MD, Lynn Million, MD, Alexander L. Chin, MD, MBA, Susan M. Hiniker, MD, Anusha Kalbasi, MD, Everett J. Moding, MD, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Advances in Radiation Oncology
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109425000065
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850205440480116736
author Jennifer K. Matsui, MD, PhD
Scott Jackson, MS
Judy Fang, MS
David G. Mohler, MD
Robert J. Steffner, MD
Raffi S. Avedian, MD
Gregory W. Charville, MD, PhD
Matt van de Rijn, MD
Lynn Million, MD
Alexander L. Chin, MD, MBA
Susan M. Hiniker, MD
Anusha Kalbasi, MD
Everett J. Moding, MD, PhD
author_facet Jennifer K. Matsui, MD, PhD
Scott Jackson, MS
Judy Fang, MS
David G. Mohler, MD
Robert J. Steffner, MD
Raffi S. Avedian, MD
Gregory W. Charville, MD, PhD
Matt van de Rijn, MD
Lynn Million, MD
Alexander L. Chin, MD, MBA
Susan M. Hiniker, MD
Anusha Kalbasi, MD
Everett J. Moding, MD, PhD
author_sort Jennifer K. Matsui, MD, PhD
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare, aggressive soft tissue malignancy that is divided into biphasic and monophasic histologic subtypes. In addition to surgical resection, radiation therapy (RT) improves local control in patients at higher risk of recurrence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of histologic subtype on radiation response and survival outcomes in patients treated with RT as part of definitive management. Methods and Materials: We retrospectively identified patients with SS treated with RT and surgical resection from 1997 to 2020 at Stanford Medical Center. We assessed the association between histologic subtypes (biphasic vs monophasic) and response to preoperative RT based on imaging and pathology. Volumetric response was calculated using the pre-RT and post-RT/preoperative postcontrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging images. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted using Cox regression models. Variables for univariable and multivariable analyses included age, histologic subtypes, tumor location, tumor size, margin status, chemotherapy, and performance status. Results: In our study, 50 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 34.8 years at diagnosis, and 36% (n = 18) received concurrent chemotherapy. Biphasic (n = 18, 36%) and monophasic (n = 32, 64%) tumors exhibited significant differences in negative margin status (94% vs 66%, P = .036). Of the 22 patients who underwent preoperative RT, 15 patients had pre-RT and post-RT imaging to assess volumetric changes. Biphasic tumors demonstrated less necrosis at the time of surgical resection but a significantly greater volumetric decrease with preoperative RT (42% vs 5%, P = .004). PFS and OS were superior in biphasic tumors (P = .003 and P = .009, respectively). Multivariable analyses identified histologic subtypes (monophasic vs biphasic) as a significant factor impacting PFS (HR, 5.65; 95% CI, 1.78-17.91; P = .003). Conclusions: Biphasic tumors exhibit an improved volumetric response to preoperative RT and improved outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of considering histology when tailoring treatment for patients with SS.
format Article
id doaj-art-0b286eb61ca44a50b6b89a779b47ad01
institution OA Journals
issn 2452-1094
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Advances in Radiation Oncology
spelling doaj-art-0b286eb61ca44a50b6b89a779b47ad012025-08-20T02:11:05ZengElsevierAdvances in Radiation Oncology2452-10942025-03-0110310171810.1016/j.adro.2025.101718Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial SarcomaJennifer K. Matsui, MD, PhD0Scott Jackson, MS1Judy Fang, MS2David G. Mohler, MD3Robert J. Steffner, MD4Raffi S. Avedian, MD5Gregory W. Charville, MD, PhD6Matt van de Rijn, MD7Lynn Million, MD8Alexander L. Chin, MD, MBA9Susan M. Hiniker, MD10Anusha Kalbasi, MD11Everett J. Moding, MD, PhD12The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CaliforniaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California; Corresponding author: Everett J. Moding, MD, PhDPurpose: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare, aggressive soft tissue malignancy that is divided into biphasic and monophasic histologic subtypes. In addition to surgical resection, radiation therapy (RT) improves local control in patients at higher risk of recurrence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of histologic subtype on radiation response and survival outcomes in patients treated with RT as part of definitive management. Methods and Materials: We retrospectively identified patients with SS treated with RT and surgical resection from 1997 to 2020 at Stanford Medical Center. We assessed the association between histologic subtypes (biphasic vs monophasic) and response to preoperative RT based on imaging and pathology. Volumetric response was calculated using the pre-RT and post-RT/preoperative postcontrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging images. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted using Cox regression models. Variables for univariable and multivariable analyses included age, histologic subtypes, tumor location, tumor size, margin status, chemotherapy, and performance status. Results: In our study, 50 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 34.8 years at diagnosis, and 36% (n = 18) received concurrent chemotherapy. Biphasic (n = 18, 36%) and monophasic (n = 32, 64%) tumors exhibited significant differences in negative margin status (94% vs 66%, P = .036). Of the 22 patients who underwent preoperative RT, 15 patients had pre-RT and post-RT imaging to assess volumetric changes. Biphasic tumors demonstrated less necrosis at the time of surgical resection but a significantly greater volumetric decrease with preoperative RT (42% vs 5%, P = .004). PFS and OS were superior in biphasic tumors (P = .003 and P = .009, respectively). Multivariable analyses identified histologic subtypes (monophasic vs biphasic) as a significant factor impacting PFS (HR, 5.65; 95% CI, 1.78-17.91; P = .003). Conclusions: Biphasic tumors exhibit an improved volumetric response to preoperative RT and improved outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of considering histology when tailoring treatment for patients with SS.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109425000065
spellingShingle Jennifer K. Matsui, MD, PhD
Scott Jackson, MS
Judy Fang, MS
David G. Mohler, MD
Robert J. Steffner, MD
Raffi S. Avedian, MD
Gregory W. Charville, MD, PhD
Matt van de Rijn, MD
Lynn Million, MD
Alexander L. Chin, MD, MBA
Susan M. Hiniker, MD
Anusha Kalbasi, MD
Everett J. Moding, MD, PhD
Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial Sarcoma
Advances in Radiation Oncology
title Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial Sarcoma
title_full Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial Sarcoma
title_fullStr Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial Sarcoma
title_full_unstemmed Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial Sarcoma
title_short Association of Histologic Subtype With Radiation Response and Survival Outcomes in Synovial Sarcoma
title_sort association of histologic subtype with radiation response and survival outcomes in synovial sarcoma
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109425000065
work_keys_str_mv AT jenniferkmatsuimdphd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT scottjacksonms associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT judyfangms associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT davidgmohlermd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT robertjsteffnermd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT raffisavedianmd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT gregorywcharvillemdphd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT mattvanderijnmd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT lynnmillionmd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT alexanderlchinmdmba associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT susanmhinikermd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT anushakalbasimd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma
AT everettjmodingmdphd associationofhistologicsubtypewithradiationresponseandsurvivaloutcomesinsynovialsarcoma