Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory

Abstract Background Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory (FCT) launched annual mass drug administration (MDA) in its four lymphatic filariasis (LF)-endemic councils in 2011, achieving sustained high coverage and pre-transmission assessment survey success. This study aimed to confirm transmission inte...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Juliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela, Joseph Kumbur, Faizah Okunade, Donald Ashikeni, Rinpan Ishaya, Girija Sankar, William Enan Adamani, Moses Aderogba, Louise Makau-Barasa, Achai Emmanuel, Bosede Eunice Ogundipe, Chinwe Okoye, Babar Qureshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Infectious Diseases of Poverty
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-025-01333-5
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849738206591844352
author Juliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela
Joseph Kumbur
Faizah Okunade
Donald Ashikeni
Rinpan Ishaya
Girija Sankar
William Enan Adamani
Moses Aderogba
Louise Makau-Barasa
Achai Emmanuel
Bosede Eunice Ogundipe
Chinwe Okoye
Babar Qureshi
author_facet Juliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela
Joseph Kumbur
Faizah Okunade
Donald Ashikeni
Rinpan Ishaya
Girija Sankar
William Enan Adamani
Moses Aderogba
Louise Makau-Barasa
Achai Emmanuel
Bosede Eunice Ogundipe
Chinwe Okoye
Babar Qureshi
author_sort Juliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory (FCT) launched annual mass drug administration (MDA) in its four lymphatic filariasis (LF)-endemic councils in 2011, achieving sustained high coverage and pre-transmission assessment survey success. This study aimed to confirm transmission interruption in Bwari and Gwagwalada and to evaluate post-MDA surveillance efficacy in Abaji and Kuje. Methods Transmission Assessment Surveys (TAS) were systematically conducted in four distinct evaluation units (EUs) within the FCT. TAS 1 was carried out in Bwari and Gwagwalada EUs that had recently achieved pre-TAS thresholds indicating potential interruption of transmission, whereas TAS 2 was conducted in Abaji and Kuje EUs, where MDA had been discontinued since 2021 following successful TAS 1 evaluations. Abbott Filarial Test Strips (FTS) were employed to test children aged 6–7 years attending selected schools. Data collection adhered to standardized WHO guidelines, utilizing both paper-based and electronic data-capture tools to enhance accuracy and reduce human error. Results A total of 6,448 children participated in surveys across the four EUs, with gender distribution closely balanced (53% male, 47% female). In TAS 1 (Bwari and Gwagwalada), no LF-positive cases were identified well below the WHO-defined critical cutoff of 18 cases. In TAS 2 (Abaji and Kuje), a single LF-positive case was detected in Abaji, still below the critical threshold. Participant refusal rates were minimal, reflecting strong community support and engagement. Conclusions The findings provide compelling evidence of significant progress toward LF elimination in Nigeria’s FCT; however, the single positive case in Abaji underscores the continued importance of vigilant surveillance and integrated vector-management strategies to maintain elimination status and guard against residual transmission.
format Article
id doaj-art-0b24e3f599e842cf927f5e2d1cde1659
institution DOAJ
issn 2049-9957
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Infectious Diseases of Poverty
spelling doaj-art-0b24e3f599e842cf927f5e2d1cde16592025-08-20T03:06:41ZengBMCInfectious Diseases of Poverty2049-99572025-07-0114111010.1186/s40249-025-01333-5Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital TerritoryJuliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela0Joseph Kumbur1Faizah Okunade2Donald Ashikeni3Rinpan Ishaya4Girija Sankar5William Enan Adamani6Moses Aderogba7Louise Makau-Barasa8Achai Emmanuel9Bosede Eunice Ogundipe10Chinwe Okoye11Babar Qureshi12CBM Christian Blind MissionCBM Christian Blind Mission Okemesi Crescent Garki 2CBM Christian Blind Mission Okemesi Crescent Garki 2CBM Christian Blind Mission Okemesi Crescent Garki 2Health and Development Support Programme (HANDS)CBM Christian Blind MissionCBM Christian Blind Mission Okemesi Crescent Garki 2The END FundThe END FundHealth and Development Support Programme (HANDS)Department of Public Health, Federal Capital Territory AdministrationNational Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination Programme, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Health Department, Federal Ministry of HealthCBM Christian Blind MissionAbstract Background Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory (FCT) launched annual mass drug administration (MDA) in its four lymphatic filariasis (LF)-endemic councils in 2011, achieving sustained high coverage and pre-transmission assessment survey success. This study aimed to confirm transmission interruption in Bwari and Gwagwalada and to evaluate post-MDA surveillance efficacy in Abaji and Kuje. Methods Transmission Assessment Surveys (TAS) were systematically conducted in four distinct evaluation units (EUs) within the FCT. TAS 1 was carried out in Bwari and Gwagwalada EUs that had recently achieved pre-TAS thresholds indicating potential interruption of transmission, whereas TAS 2 was conducted in Abaji and Kuje EUs, where MDA had been discontinued since 2021 following successful TAS 1 evaluations. Abbott Filarial Test Strips (FTS) were employed to test children aged 6–7 years attending selected schools. Data collection adhered to standardized WHO guidelines, utilizing both paper-based and electronic data-capture tools to enhance accuracy and reduce human error. Results A total of 6,448 children participated in surveys across the four EUs, with gender distribution closely balanced (53% male, 47% female). In TAS 1 (Bwari and Gwagwalada), no LF-positive cases were identified well below the WHO-defined critical cutoff of 18 cases. In TAS 2 (Abaji and Kuje), a single LF-positive case was detected in Abaji, still below the critical threshold. Participant refusal rates were minimal, reflecting strong community support and engagement. Conclusions The findings provide compelling evidence of significant progress toward LF elimination in Nigeria’s FCT; however, the single positive case in Abaji underscores the continued importance of vigilant surveillance and integrated vector-management strategies to maintain elimination status and guard against residual transmission.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-025-01333-5Lymphatic filariasisMass drug administrationTransmissionAssessmentSurveillanceElimination
spellingShingle Juliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela
Joseph Kumbur
Faizah Okunade
Donald Ashikeni
Rinpan Ishaya
Girija Sankar
William Enan Adamani
Moses Aderogba
Louise Makau-Barasa
Achai Emmanuel
Bosede Eunice Ogundipe
Chinwe Okoye
Babar Qureshi
Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
Infectious Diseases of Poverty
Lymphatic filariasis
Mass drug administration
Transmission
Assessment
Surveillance
Elimination
title Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
title_full Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
title_fullStr Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
title_short Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
title_sort evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post mass drug administration surveillance in nigeria s federal capital territory
topic Lymphatic filariasis
Mass drug administration
Transmission
Assessment
Surveillance
Elimination
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-025-01333-5
work_keys_str_mv AT julianaajumaamanyienegela evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT josephkumbur evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT faizahokunade evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT donaldashikeni evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT rinpanishaya evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT girijasankar evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT williamenanadamani evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT mosesaderogba evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT louisemakaubarasa evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT achaiemmanuel evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT bosedeeuniceogundipe evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT chinweokoye evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory
AT babarqureshi evaluatingtheeffectivenessofmassdrugadministrationonlymphaticfilariasistransmissionandassessmentofpostmassdrugadministrationsurveillanceinnigeriasfederalcapitalterritory