Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement

Abstract Objective This study aims to investigate the predictive factors for postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) following aortic valve replacement (AVR) and evaluate the preventive effect of combined atorvastatin and metoprolol therapy on POAF. Methods This study employed a mixed design of ret...

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Main Authors: Lu Chen, Yu Liu, Junmei Ge
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-025-03577-6
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author Lu Chen
Yu Liu
Junmei Ge
author_facet Lu Chen
Yu Liu
Junmei Ge
author_sort Lu Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective This study aims to investigate the predictive factors for postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) following aortic valve replacement (AVR) and evaluate the preventive effect of combined atorvastatin and metoprolol therapy on POAF. Methods This study employed a mixed design of retrospective cohort analysis and prospective randomized controlled trial, including 268 patients who underwent isolated AVR from January 1, 2022, to March 31, 2024. The 168 patients from January 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023, were analyzed for POAF predictive factors, while 100 patients from June 1, 2023, were included in the prospective trial. The intervention group (n = 50) received combined atorvastatin and metoprolol treatment starting 7 days before surgery. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified age (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04–1.20, p = 0.003), history of stroke (OR = 10.94, 95% CI: 1.32–90.66, p = 0.027), EuroSCORE II (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.61–5.20, p < 0.001), NT-proBNP level (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.004, p = 0.009), hs-CRP level (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.16–2.07, p = 0.003), and operation time (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04, p = 0.008) as independent predictors of POAF. Pharmacological intervention significantly reduced POAF incidence (p = 0.005) and shortened hospital stay (p < 0.001), ICU stay (p = 0.002), and mechanical ventilation time (p < 0.001). The AUC of the predictive model was 0.952, with a calibrated C-statistic of 0.904. Decision curve analysis demonstrated significant clinical utility across multiple risk thresholds. Conclusion Age, history of stroke, EuroSCORE II, NT-proBNP and hs-CRP levels, and operation time are independent predictors of POAF. Combined preventive treatment with atorvastatin and metoprolol reduced POAF incidence and postoperative hospital stay, showing promising clinical application prospects.
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spelling doaj-art-0b1b178f1e0d479b8f736dc152078eb12025-08-20T04:03:07ZengBMCJournal of Cardiothoracic Surgery1749-80902025-08-0120111310.1186/s13019-025-03577-6Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacementLu Chen0Yu Liu1Junmei Ge2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast UniversityDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast UniversityAbstract Objective This study aims to investigate the predictive factors for postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) following aortic valve replacement (AVR) and evaluate the preventive effect of combined atorvastatin and metoprolol therapy on POAF. Methods This study employed a mixed design of retrospective cohort analysis and prospective randomized controlled trial, including 268 patients who underwent isolated AVR from January 1, 2022, to March 31, 2024. The 168 patients from January 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023, were analyzed for POAF predictive factors, while 100 patients from June 1, 2023, were included in the prospective trial. The intervention group (n = 50) received combined atorvastatin and metoprolol treatment starting 7 days before surgery. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified age (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04–1.20, p = 0.003), history of stroke (OR = 10.94, 95% CI: 1.32–90.66, p = 0.027), EuroSCORE II (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.61–5.20, p < 0.001), NT-proBNP level (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.004, p = 0.009), hs-CRP level (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.16–2.07, p = 0.003), and operation time (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04, p = 0.008) as independent predictors of POAF. Pharmacological intervention significantly reduced POAF incidence (p = 0.005) and shortened hospital stay (p < 0.001), ICU stay (p = 0.002), and mechanical ventilation time (p < 0.001). The AUC of the predictive model was 0.952, with a calibrated C-statistic of 0.904. Decision curve analysis demonstrated significant clinical utility across multiple risk thresholds. Conclusion Age, history of stroke, EuroSCORE II, NT-proBNP and hs-CRP levels, and operation time are independent predictors of POAF. Combined preventive treatment with atorvastatin and metoprolol reduced POAF incidence and postoperative hospital stay, showing promising clinical application prospects.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-025-03577-6Postoperative atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacementPredictive factorsAtorvastatinMetoprololPharmacological prevention
spellingShingle Lu Chen
Yu Liu
Junmei Ge
Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Postoperative atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
Predictive factors
Atorvastatin
Metoprolol
Pharmacological prevention
title Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
title_full Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
title_fullStr Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
title_full_unstemmed Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
title_short Predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
title_sort predictive factors and pharmacological preventive interventions for atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
topic Postoperative atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement
Predictive factors
Atorvastatin
Metoprolol
Pharmacological prevention
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-025-03577-6
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AT yuliu predictivefactorsandpharmacologicalpreventiveinterventionsforatrialfibrillationafteraorticvalvereplacement
AT junmeige predictivefactorsandpharmacologicalpreventiveinterventionsforatrialfibrillationafteraorticvalvereplacement