Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients

Background With the development of potential prevention therapies for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN), risk prediction models are needed to identify kidney transplant recipients at high risk for BKPyVAN.Methods This single-center retrospective study aimed to develop a risk p...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Junji Yamauchi, Katalin Fornadi, Divya Raghavan, Duha Jweehan, Suayp Oygen, Silviana Marineci, Michelle Buff, Michael Fenlon, Motaz Selim, Michael Zimmerman, Miklos Z. Molnar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Renal Failure
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2025.2509785
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849762904208834560
author Junji Yamauchi
Katalin Fornadi
Divya Raghavan
Duha Jweehan
Suayp Oygen
Silviana Marineci
Michelle Buff
Michael Fenlon
Motaz Selim
Michael Zimmerman
Miklos Z. Molnar
author_facet Junji Yamauchi
Katalin Fornadi
Divya Raghavan
Duha Jweehan
Suayp Oygen
Silviana Marineci
Michelle Buff
Michael Fenlon
Motaz Selim
Michael Zimmerman
Miklos Z. Molnar
author_sort Junji Yamauchi
collection DOAJ
description Background With the development of potential prevention therapies for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN), risk prediction models are needed to identify kidney transplant recipients at high risk for BKPyVAN.Methods This single-center retrospective study aimed to develop a risk prediction model and an integer-based risk score for BKPyVAN development, defined as plasma BKPyV-DNA >10,000 copies/mL and/or biopsy-proven BKPyVAN, within 1-year post-transplant, using donor and recipient characteristics at the time of transplantation. We randomly split patients into development and validation cohorts and applied logistic regression with backward selection to identify significant variables. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots.Results This study included 560 patients, of whom 75 (13%) patients had BKPyVAN. Age >50 years, male sex, and prior kidney transplant were selected for the final model. The total integer score ranged from 0 to 4 points, with 1 point assigned for age >50 years and male sex, and 2 points for prior kidney transplant. The AUC was 0.65 in both development and validation cohorts. Calibration plots showed an incremental increase in risk with higher total scores. The integer score indicated that patients with a total score of 2 or higher (i.e. males aged >50 years or those with prior kidney transplants) have a predicted risk of 20% or greater.Conclusion Although the AUC was suboptimal, the results suggest that our model may still be valuable for identifying high-risk patients.
format Article
id doaj-art-0b1546b5fbd04e39a19cd1dad676c1d0
institution DOAJ
issn 0886-022X
1525-6049
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series Renal Failure
spelling doaj-art-0b1546b5fbd04e39a19cd1dad676c1d02025-08-20T03:05:35ZengTaylor & Francis GroupRenal Failure0886-022X1525-60492025-12-0147110.1080/0886022X.2025.2509785Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipientsJunji Yamauchi0Katalin Fornadi1Divya Raghavan2Duha Jweehan3Suayp Oygen4Silviana Marineci5Michelle Buff6Michael Fenlon7Motaz Selim8Michael Zimmerman9Miklos Z. Molnar10Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Transplantation and Advanced Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Transplantation and Advanced Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Transplantation and Advanced Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Transplantation and Advanced Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Transplantation and Advanced Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USADivision of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USABackground With the development of potential prevention therapies for BK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN), risk prediction models are needed to identify kidney transplant recipients at high risk for BKPyVAN.Methods This single-center retrospective study aimed to develop a risk prediction model and an integer-based risk score for BKPyVAN development, defined as plasma BKPyV-DNA >10,000 copies/mL and/or biopsy-proven BKPyVAN, within 1-year post-transplant, using donor and recipient characteristics at the time of transplantation. We randomly split patients into development and validation cohorts and applied logistic regression with backward selection to identify significant variables. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots.Results This study included 560 patients, of whom 75 (13%) patients had BKPyVAN. Age >50 years, male sex, and prior kidney transplant were selected for the final model. The total integer score ranged from 0 to 4 points, with 1 point assigned for age >50 years and male sex, and 2 points for prior kidney transplant. The AUC was 0.65 in both development and validation cohorts. Calibration plots showed an incremental increase in risk with higher total scores. The integer score indicated that patients with a total score of 2 or higher (i.e. males aged >50 years or those with prior kidney transplants) have a predicted risk of 20% or greater.Conclusion Although the AUC was suboptimal, the results suggest that our model may still be valuable for identifying high-risk patients.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2025.2509785BK polyomavirusBK polyomavirus-associated nephropathykidney transplantationrisk predictioninteger risk score
spellingShingle Junji Yamauchi
Katalin Fornadi
Divya Raghavan
Duha Jweehan
Suayp Oygen
Silviana Marineci
Michelle Buff
Michael Fenlon
Motaz Selim
Michael Zimmerman
Miklos Z. Molnar
Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients
Renal Failure
BK polyomavirus
BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy
kidney transplantation
risk prediction
integer risk score
title Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients
title_full Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients
title_fullStr Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients
title_full_unstemmed Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients
title_short Development of BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients
title_sort development of bk polyomavirus associated nephropathy risk prediction in kidney transplant recipients
topic BK polyomavirus
BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy
kidney transplantation
risk prediction
integer risk score
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/0886022X.2025.2509785
work_keys_str_mv AT junjiyamauchi developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT katalinfornadi developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT divyaraghavan developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT duhajweehan developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT suaypoygen developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT silvianamarineci developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT michellebuff developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT michaelfenlon developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT motazselim developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT michaelzimmerman developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients
AT mikloszmolnar developmentofbkpolyomavirusassociatednephropathyriskpredictioninkidneytransplantrecipients