Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approach

Study Region: Gilgel Gibe Watershed, Omo Gibe River Basin, Ethiopia. Study Focus: Groundwater depletion adversely affects ecosystem health, leading to reduced vegetation cover, changes in habitat suitability, and increased vulnerability to environmental stress. Quantifying groundwater sustainability...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu, Il-Moon Chung, Mingyu Kim, Sun Woo Chang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-10-01
Series:Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221458182500518X
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849243720765931520
author Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu
Il-Moon Chung
Mingyu Kim
Sun Woo Chang
author_facet Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu
Il-Moon Chung
Mingyu Kim
Sun Woo Chang
author_sort Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu
collection DOAJ
description Study Region: Gilgel Gibe Watershed, Omo Gibe River Basin, Ethiopia. Study Focus: Groundwater depletion adversely affects ecosystem health, leading to reduced vegetation cover, changes in habitat suitability, and increased vulnerability to environmental stress. Quantifying groundwater sustainability under surface water-groundwater interactions is crucial for understanding system responses to anthropogenic changes. Hence, the main objective of this study was to quantify groundwater sustainability using a novel ensemble approach of the coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model. The performance of the integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model was assessed using the Parameter Estimation Tool (PEST) with streamflow and aquifer properties, and was found to be in reasonable agreement between the predicted and observed values. New hydrological insights: Annual ensemble values of exploitable amounts of groundwater discharge, minimum desirable flow, and groundwater recharge were used to compute the groundwater footprint and sustainability. The overall basin-wide groundwater footprint was moderately depleted, revealing the need for effective management strategies to mitigate long-term groundwater decline and vulnerability to groundwater droughts. This has resulted in food insecurity due to diminished crop yields and shifting agricultural practices. Overall, this study offers valuable insights for developing informed policy frameworks that prioritise resilient watershed management to support the achievement of sustainable development goals.
format Article
id doaj-art-0b0b4fda24a14d48877e4cb6077aab40
institution Kabale University
issn 2214-5818
language English
publishDate 2025-10-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies
spelling doaj-art-0b0b4fda24a14d48877e4cb6077aab402025-08-20T03:59:22ZengElsevierJournal of Hydrology: Regional Studies2214-58182025-10-016110268910.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102689Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approachTarekegn Dejen Mengistu0Il-Moon Chung1Mingyu Kim2Sun Woo Chang3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Republic of Korea; Correspondence to: The University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Republic of KoreaKorea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Republic of KoreaStudy Region: Gilgel Gibe Watershed, Omo Gibe River Basin, Ethiopia. Study Focus: Groundwater depletion adversely affects ecosystem health, leading to reduced vegetation cover, changes in habitat suitability, and increased vulnerability to environmental stress. Quantifying groundwater sustainability under surface water-groundwater interactions is crucial for understanding system responses to anthropogenic changes. Hence, the main objective of this study was to quantify groundwater sustainability using a novel ensemble approach of the coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model. The performance of the integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model was assessed using the Parameter Estimation Tool (PEST) with streamflow and aquifer properties, and was found to be in reasonable agreement between the predicted and observed values. New hydrological insights: Annual ensemble values of exploitable amounts of groundwater discharge, minimum desirable flow, and groundwater recharge were used to compute the groundwater footprint and sustainability. The overall basin-wide groundwater footprint was moderately depleted, revealing the need for effective management strategies to mitigate long-term groundwater decline and vulnerability to groundwater droughts. This has resulted in food insecurity due to diminished crop yields and shifting agricultural practices. Overall, this study offers valuable insights for developing informed policy frameworks that prioritise resilient watershed management to support the achievement of sustainable development goals.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221458182500518XGroundwater FootprintGroundwater RechargeGroundwater SustainabilitySWAT-MODFLOW
spellingShingle Tarekegn Dejen Mengistu
Il-Moon Chung
Mingyu Kim
Sun Woo Chang
Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approach
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies
Groundwater Footprint
Groundwater Recharge
Groundwater Sustainability
SWAT-MODFLOW
title Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approach
title_full Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approach
title_fullStr Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approach
title_full_unstemmed Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approach
title_short Coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability: A novel ensemble approach
title_sort coupled swat modflow model for assessing watershed responses to groundwater sustainability a novel ensemble approach
topic Groundwater Footprint
Groundwater Recharge
Groundwater Sustainability
SWAT-MODFLOW
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221458182500518X
work_keys_str_mv AT tarekegndejenmengistu coupledswatmodflowmodelforassessingwatershedresponsestogroundwatersustainabilityanovelensembleapproach
AT ilmoonchung coupledswatmodflowmodelforassessingwatershedresponsestogroundwatersustainabilityanovelensembleapproach
AT mingyukim coupledswatmodflowmodelforassessingwatershedresponsestogroundwatersustainabilityanovelensembleapproach
AT sunwoochang coupledswatmodflowmodelforassessingwatershedresponsestogroundwatersustainabilityanovelensembleapproach