Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens

Abstract Background Growth-related myopathies, including white striping (WS), wooden breast (WB), and spaghetti meat (SM), compromise broiler meat quality, causing significant economic losses. Although these myopathies share some histological features, their molecular mechanisms remain incompletely...

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Main Authors: Marija Bošković Cabrol, Marianna Pauletto, Mery Giantin, Mauro Dacasto, Gerolamo Xiccato, Angela Trocino
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Genomics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11963-6
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author Marija Bošković Cabrol
Marianna Pauletto
Mery Giantin
Mauro Dacasto
Gerolamo Xiccato
Angela Trocino
author_facet Marija Bošković Cabrol
Marianna Pauletto
Mery Giantin
Mauro Dacasto
Gerolamo Xiccato
Angela Trocino
author_sort Marija Bošković Cabrol
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Growth-related myopathies, including white striping (WS), wooden breast (WB), and spaghetti meat (SM), compromise broiler meat quality, causing significant economic losses. Although these myopathies share some histological features, their molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, particularly regarding sex-specific differences. This study aimed to compare transcriptomic profiles of normal and defective pectoralis major muscles to identify biological pathways underlying male and female myopathies. Transcriptomic analysis was performed on RNA-seq data from pectoralis major muscles of male and female Ross 308 broilers. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways were identified using edgeR and functional annotation tools. Results SM samples exhibited the most extensive transcriptional alterations, particularly in males, with significant disruption of pathways related to hypoxia, energy metabolism, calcium signaling, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Compared to normal meat, WB meat demonstrated moderate molecular changes, while WS meat showed minimal transcriptomic impact. Males displayed pronounced metabolic dysregulation and increased activation of pathways associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and vascular remodeling compared to females, where transcriptional changes were generally less pronounced across all myopathies. Shared pathways among myopathies included oxidative phosphorylation, cytoskeletal organization, and inflammatory responses, though their expression patterns varied between sexes and conditions. Conclusions This study highlights marked sex-specific differences in molecular responses to WS, WB, and SM, with males exhibiting more pronounced transcriptomic alterations. These findings underscore the importance of sex-specific approaches to mitigate the economic and welfare impacts of these myopathies in broiler production.
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spelling doaj-art-0afce958e09f4788b8a2fd718ec6c4682025-08-24T11:09:39ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-08-0126112210.1186/s12864-025-11963-6Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickensMarija Bošković Cabrol0Marianna Pauletto1Mery Giantin2Mauro Dacasto3Gerolamo Xiccato4Angela Trocino5Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of PadovaDepartment of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of PadovaDepartment of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of PadovaDepartment of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of PadovaDepartment of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of PadovaDepartment of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of PadovaAbstract Background Growth-related myopathies, including white striping (WS), wooden breast (WB), and spaghetti meat (SM), compromise broiler meat quality, causing significant economic losses. Although these myopathies share some histological features, their molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, particularly regarding sex-specific differences. This study aimed to compare transcriptomic profiles of normal and defective pectoralis major muscles to identify biological pathways underlying male and female myopathies. Transcriptomic analysis was performed on RNA-seq data from pectoralis major muscles of male and female Ross 308 broilers. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways were identified using edgeR and functional annotation tools. Results SM samples exhibited the most extensive transcriptional alterations, particularly in males, with significant disruption of pathways related to hypoxia, energy metabolism, calcium signaling, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Compared to normal meat, WB meat demonstrated moderate molecular changes, while WS meat showed minimal transcriptomic impact. Males displayed pronounced metabolic dysregulation and increased activation of pathways associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and vascular remodeling compared to females, where transcriptional changes were generally less pronounced across all myopathies. Shared pathways among myopathies included oxidative phosphorylation, cytoskeletal organization, and inflammatory responses, though their expression patterns varied between sexes and conditions. Conclusions This study highlights marked sex-specific differences in molecular responses to WS, WB, and SM, with males exhibiting more pronounced transcriptomic alterations. These findings underscore the importance of sex-specific approaches to mitigate the economic and welfare impacts of these myopathies in broiler production.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11963-6MyopathyChicken breastRNA sequencingSexDifferentially expressed genesEtiopathogenesis
spellingShingle Marija Bošković Cabrol
Marianna Pauletto
Mery Giantin
Mauro Dacasto
Gerolamo Xiccato
Angela Trocino
Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens
BMC Genomics
Myopathy
Chicken breast
RNA sequencing
Sex
Differentially expressed genes
Etiopathogenesis
title Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens
title_full Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens
title_fullStr Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens
title_full_unstemmed Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens
title_short Comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping, wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens
title_sort comparative transcriptome analysis of pectoralis major muscles affected by white striping wooden breast and spaghetti meat in male and female broiler chickens
topic Myopathy
Chicken breast
RNA sequencing
Sex
Differentially expressed genes
Etiopathogenesis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11963-6
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