Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis

Abstract Intestinal mucus plays a crucial role in defending against enteric infections by protecting the vulnerable intestinal epithelial cells both physically and through its various constituents. Despite this, numerous gastroenteritis-causing viruses, such as rotavirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, as...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Waqar Saleem, Ateeqa Aslam, Mehlayl Tariq, Hans Nauwynck
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:Gut Pathogens
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-025-00684-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849723988217954304
author Waqar Saleem
Ateeqa Aslam
Mehlayl Tariq
Hans Nauwynck
author_facet Waqar Saleem
Ateeqa Aslam
Mehlayl Tariq
Hans Nauwynck
author_sort Waqar Saleem
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Intestinal mucus plays a crucial role in defending against enteric infections by protecting the vulnerable intestinal epithelial cells both physically and through its various constituents. Despite this, numerous gastroenteritis-causing viruses, such as rotavirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, calicivirus, and enterovirus, continue to pose significant threats to humans and animals. While several studies have examined the interactions between these viruses and intestinal mucus, significant gaps remain in understanding the full protective potential of intestinal mucus against these pathogens. This review aims to elucidate the protective role of intestinal mucus in viral gastroenteritis. It begins with a comprehensive literature overview of (i) intestinal mucus, (ii) enteric viruses of medical and veterinary importance, and (iii) the known interactions between various enteric viruses and intestinal mucus. Following this, a case study is presented to highlight the age-dependent blocking effect of porcine intestinal mucus against transmissible gastroenteritis virus, a porcine coronavirus. Finally, the review discusses future investigation directions to further explore the potential of intestinal mucus as a defense mechanism against viral gastroenteritis to stimulate further research in this dynamic and critical area.
format Article
id doaj-art-0aedff98a0eb46788ae99bb3941bf76f
institution DOAJ
issn 1757-4749
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Gut Pathogens
spelling doaj-art-0aedff98a0eb46788ae99bb3941bf76f2025-08-20T03:10:52ZengBMCGut Pathogens1757-47492025-02-0117111810.1186/s13099-025-00684-6Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritisWaqar Saleem0Ateeqa Aslam1Mehlayl Tariq2Hans Nauwynck3Laboratory of Virology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineLaboratory of Virology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineLaboratory of Biomedical Chemistry, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental TherapyLaboratory of Virology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAbstract Intestinal mucus plays a crucial role in defending against enteric infections by protecting the vulnerable intestinal epithelial cells both physically and through its various constituents. Despite this, numerous gastroenteritis-causing viruses, such as rotavirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, calicivirus, and enterovirus, continue to pose significant threats to humans and animals. While several studies have examined the interactions between these viruses and intestinal mucus, significant gaps remain in understanding the full protective potential of intestinal mucus against these pathogens. This review aims to elucidate the protective role of intestinal mucus in viral gastroenteritis. It begins with a comprehensive literature overview of (i) intestinal mucus, (ii) enteric viruses of medical and veterinary importance, and (iii) the known interactions between various enteric viruses and intestinal mucus. Following this, a case study is presented to highlight the age-dependent blocking effect of porcine intestinal mucus against transmissible gastroenteritis virus, a porcine coronavirus. Finally, the review discusses future investigation directions to further explore the potential of intestinal mucus as a defense mechanism against viral gastroenteritis to stimulate further research in this dynamic and critical area.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-025-00684-6Intestinal mucusViral gastroenteritisVirus-mucus interactionMucosal immunologyVirus-blocking
spellingShingle Waqar Saleem
Ateeqa Aslam
Mehlayl Tariq
Hans Nauwynck
Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
Gut Pathogens
Intestinal mucus
Viral gastroenteritis
Virus-mucus interaction
Mucosal immunology
Virus-blocking
title Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
title_full Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
title_fullStr Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
title_full_unstemmed Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
title_short Intestinal mucus: the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
title_sort intestinal mucus the unsung hero in the battle against viral gastroenteritis
topic Intestinal mucus
Viral gastroenteritis
Virus-mucus interaction
Mucosal immunology
Virus-blocking
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-025-00684-6
work_keys_str_mv AT waqarsaleem intestinalmucustheunsungherointhebattleagainstviralgastroenteritis
AT ateeqaaslam intestinalmucustheunsungherointhebattleagainstviralgastroenteritis
AT mehlayltariq intestinalmucustheunsungherointhebattleagainstviralgastroenteritis
AT hansnauwynck intestinalmucustheunsungherointhebattleagainstviralgastroenteritis