Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Opportunistic infections (OIs) in patients with advanced HIV disease remain a serious health issue, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. Objectives This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and factors associated with mortality among hospitalized advanc...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10679-y |
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| author | Ly Trieu Vo Dung Quoc Phan Phi Hoang Nguyen Araba Gyan Nhut Minh Vuong Tung Nhu Le Nguyen Lan Y Vo Giao Huynh |
| author_facet | Ly Trieu Vo Dung Quoc Phan Phi Hoang Nguyen Araba Gyan Nhut Minh Vuong Tung Nhu Le Nguyen Lan Y Vo Giao Huynh |
| author_sort | Ly Trieu Vo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Opportunistic infections (OIs) in patients with advanced HIV disease remain a serious health issue, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. Objectives This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and factors associated with mortality among hospitalized advanced HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City between March and June 2023. Data was collected through interviews and medical record reviews. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to assess factors associated with hospitalization outcomes, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results The study included 121 participants, with 61.3% aged 25–34 years and 42.2% classified as underweight. Only 35.5% of patients received OI preventive treatment. Comorbidities were noted as follows: hepatitis B (12.4%), hepatitis C (2.5%), and syphilis (43.8%). A total of 41.3% of patients had at least one OI, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis being the most common (46.3%), followed by Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (44.6%) and Cryptococcus neoformans (19%). Sepsis was present in 20.7% of patients. The in-hospital mortality rate was 19%. Factors significantly associated with mortality included being underweight, HBV coinfection, C. neoformans infection, lack of OI preventive treatment, and sepsis. Conclusion The study reveals a high inpatient mortality rate among advanced HIV-infected MSM, even among relatively young patients. Increased mortality was associated with being underweight, having sepsis, HBV coinfection, C. neoformans infection, and not receiving OI preventive treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0aec1359269742a2a640552acf03bfa9 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-0aec1359269742a2a640552acf03bfa92025-08-20T03:04:16ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-02-012511910.1186/s12879-025-10679-yClinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional studyLy Trieu Vo0Dung Quoc Phan1Phi Hoang Nguyen2Araba Gyan3Nhut Minh Vuong4Tung Nhu Le Nguyen5Lan Y Vo6Giao Huynh7Hospital for Tropical DiseasesFaculty of Control DiseaseFaculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityUniversity of Michigan School of Public HealthFaculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHospital for Tropical DiseasesFaculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityFaculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityAbstract Background Opportunistic infections (OIs) in patients with advanced HIV disease remain a serious health issue, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. Objectives This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and factors associated with mortality among hospitalized advanced HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City between March and June 2023. Data was collected through interviews and medical record reviews. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to assess factors associated with hospitalization outcomes, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results The study included 121 participants, with 61.3% aged 25–34 years and 42.2% classified as underweight. Only 35.5% of patients received OI preventive treatment. Comorbidities were noted as follows: hepatitis B (12.4%), hepatitis C (2.5%), and syphilis (43.8%). A total of 41.3% of patients had at least one OI, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis being the most common (46.3%), followed by Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (44.6%) and Cryptococcus neoformans (19%). Sepsis was present in 20.7% of patients. The in-hospital mortality rate was 19%. Factors significantly associated with mortality included being underweight, HBV coinfection, C. neoformans infection, lack of OI preventive treatment, and sepsis. Conclusion The study reveals a high inpatient mortality rate among advanced HIV-infected MSM, even among relatively young patients. Increased mortality was associated with being underweight, having sepsis, HBV coinfection, C. neoformans infection, and not receiving OI preventive treatment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10679-yCryptococcus neoformansHepatitis BHIV/AIDSMortalityMSMOpportunistic infections |
| spellingShingle | Ly Trieu Vo Dung Quoc Phan Phi Hoang Nguyen Araba Gyan Nhut Minh Vuong Tung Nhu Le Nguyen Lan Y Vo Giao Huynh Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional study BMC Infectious Diseases Cryptococcus neoformans Hepatitis B HIV/AIDS Mortality MSM Opportunistic infections |
| title | Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced HIV disease patients among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: A prospective cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of opportunistic infections in advanced hiv disease patients among men who have sex with men in vietnam a prospective cross sectional study |
| topic | Cryptococcus neoformans Hepatitis B HIV/AIDS Mortality MSM Opportunistic infections |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10679-y |
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