Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease Development
Arterial hypertension is one of the world’s leading risk factors for death and disability. With the number of people living with this disease doubling between 1990 and 2019 from 650 million to 1.3 billion, it is a global burden that increases mortality from cardiovascular and kidney diseases. It is...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/30 |
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| author | Wojciech Kosowski Krzysztof Aleksandrowicz |
| author_facet | Wojciech Kosowski Krzysztof Aleksandrowicz |
| author_sort | Wojciech Kosowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arterial hypertension is one of the world’s leading risk factors for death and disability. With the number of people living with this disease doubling between 1990 and 2019 from 650 million to 1.3 billion, it is a global burden that increases mortality from cardiovascular and kidney diseases. It is extremely important to use all possible diagnostic methods, indicating the possibility of early detection that subsequently leads to effective prevention of disease development. The phenomenon called hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) is one such method. The HRE is defined as a pathological, excessive increase in blood pressure as a result of exposure to the stressor, which is physical exercise. There is no consensus about precise cutoffs in the definition of this condition, which is most commonly diagnosed based on systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 210 mm Hg in men and ≥190 mm Hg in women at peak exercise intensity. The fact that exercise hypotension is a pathologic sign is universally accepted. Accumulating data deliver the information that HRE is also connected to higher overall cardiovascular risk. It was demonstrated that HRE is associated with functional and structural impairment of the left ventricle and the future development of hypertension. HRE should act as a warning signal of increased cardiovascular risk, leading to the need for profound clinical care. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ad2eebcb8ce44c9a27103e4ff84db11 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ad2eebcb8ce44c9a27103e4ff84db112025-01-24T13:23:46ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-12-011313010.3390/biomedicines13010030Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease DevelopmentWojciech Kosowski0Krzysztof Aleksandrowicz1Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandInstitute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandArterial hypertension is one of the world’s leading risk factors for death and disability. With the number of people living with this disease doubling between 1990 and 2019 from 650 million to 1.3 billion, it is a global burden that increases mortality from cardiovascular and kidney diseases. It is extremely important to use all possible diagnostic methods, indicating the possibility of early detection that subsequently leads to effective prevention of disease development. The phenomenon called hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) is one such method. The HRE is defined as a pathological, excessive increase in blood pressure as a result of exposure to the stressor, which is physical exercise. There is no consensus about precise cutoffs in the definition of this condition, which is most commonly diagnosed based on systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 210 mm Hg in men and ≥190 mm Hg in women at peak exercise intensity. The fact that exercise hypotension is a pathologic sign is universally accepted. Accumulating data deliver the information that HRE is also connected to higher overall cardiovascular risk. It was demonstrated that HRE is associated with functional and structural impairment of the left ventricle and the future development of hypertension. HRE should act as a warning signal of increased cardiovascular risk, leading to the need for profound clinical care.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/30hypertensionelevated blood pressurehypertensive response to exerciseexaggerated blood pressure response to exercise |
| spellingShingle | Wojciech Kosowski Krzysztof Aleksandrowicz Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease Development Biomedicines hypertension elevated blood pressure hypertensive response to exercise exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise |
| title | Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease Development |
| title_full | Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease Development |
| title_fullStr | Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease Development |
| title_short | Hypertensive Response to Exercise as an Early Marker of Disease Development |
| title_sort | hypertensive response to exercise as an early marker of disease development |
| topic | hypertension elevated blood pressure hypertensive response to exercise exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/30 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wojciechkosowski hypertensiveresponsetoexerciseasanearlymarkerofdiseasedevelopment AT krzysztofaleksandrowicz hypertensiveresponsetoexerciseasanearlymarkerofdiseasedevelopment |