T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effects

Abstract Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) serves as a pivotal target for breast cancer treatment and a vital prognostic marker. Anti-HER-2 therapies, which are integral to the management of HER-2-positive breast cancer, including monoclonal antibodies (e.g., trastuzumab and pertuzuma...

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Main Authors: Guangmin Wan, Lu Yang, Quan Wang, Gang Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Discover Oncology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02239-2
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author Guangmin Wan
Lu Yang
Quan Wang
Gang Xu
author_facet Guangmin Wan
Lu Yang
Quan Wang
Gang Xu
author_sort Guangmin Wan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) serves as a pivotal target for breast cancer treatment and a vital prognostic marker. Anti-HER-2 therapies, which are integral to the management of HER-2-positive breast cancer, including monoclonal antibodies (e.g., trastuzumab and pertuzumab), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., lapatinib and pyrotinib), and antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) such as trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). ADCs consist of a monoclonal antibody, a linker, and a cytotoxic payload, engineered to deliver chemotherapy selectively to tumor cells, thereby reducing the systemic toxicity associated with traditional chemotherapy. T-DM1, a HER-2-targeting ADC, combines the humanized anti-HER-2 IgG1 trastuzumab with DM1, a cytotoxic agent that inhibits microtubule formation. T-DM1 has significantly enhanced the prognosis of HER-2-positive breast cancer patients who fail to achieve a pathological complete response or develop distant metastases after neoadjuvant trastuzumab and pertuzumab therapy. While the combination therapy of T-DM1 with radiotherapy demonstrates an acceptable safety profile overall, clinicians should remain vigilant regarding potential severe treatment-related toxicities that have been observed in specific clinical scenarios. Nevertheless, limited research exists regarding the adverse effects and mechanisms of T-DM1 in combination with radiotherapy. This review investigates preclinical studies on the interactions between T-DM1 and radiotherapy, investigates associated adverse effects and their underlying mechanisms, identifies predictive factors and prognostic implications, and explores potential therapeutic strategies involving the concurrent T-DM1 with radiotherapy.
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spelling doaj-art-0acccd0f9bab4deaa56f10283a004ff72025-08-20T03:48:18ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112025-05-0116111410.1007/s12672-025-02239-2T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effectsGuangmin Wan0Lu Yang1Quan Wang2Gang Xu3Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer HospitalAbstract Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) serves as a pivotal target for breast cancer treatment and a vital prognostic marker. Anti-HER-2 therapies, which are integral to the management of HER-2-positive breast cancer, including monoclonal antibodies (e.g., trastuzumab and pertuzumab), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., lapatinib and pyrotinib), and antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) such as trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). ADCs consist of a monoclonal antibody, a linker, and a cytotoxic payload, engineered to deliver chemotherapy selectively to tumor cells, thereby reducing the systemic toxicity associated with traditional chemotherapy. T-DM1, a HER-2-targeting ADC, combines the humanized anti-HER-2 IgG1 trastuzumab with DM1, a cytotoxic agent that inhibits microtubule formation. T-DM1 has significantly enhanced the prognosis of HER-2-positive breast cancer patients who fail to achieve a pathological complete response or develop distant metastases after neoadjuvant trastuzumab and pertuzumab therapy. While the combination therapy of T-DM1 with radiotherapy demonstrates an acceptable safety profile overall, clinicians should remain vigilant regarding potential severe treatment-related toxicities that have been observed in specific clinical scenarios. Nevertheless, limited research exists regarding the adverse effects and mechanisms of T-DM1 in combination with radiotherapy. This review investigates preclinical studies on the interactions between T-DM1 and radiotherapy, investigates associated adverse effects and their underlying mechanisms, identifies predictive factors and prognostic implications, and explores potential therapeutic strategies involving the concurrent T-DM1 with radiotherapy.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02239-2T-DM1RadiotherapyHER-2ADCsAdverse effects
spellingShingle Guangmin Wan
Lu Yang
Quan Wang
Gang Xu
T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effects
Discover Oncology
T-DM1
Radiotherapy
HER-2
ADCs
Adverse effects
title T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effects
title_full T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effects
title_fullStr T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effects
title_full_unstemmed T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effects
title_short T-DM1 with concurrent radiotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical evaluation and mechanisms, prediction, and exploration of adverse effects
title_sort t dm1 with concurrent radiotherapy in her2 positive breast cancer preclinical evaluation and mechanisms prediction and exploration of adverse effects
topic T-DM1
Radiotherapy
HER-2
ADCs
Adverse effects
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02239-2
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AT quanwang tdm1withconcurrentradiotherapyinher2positivebreastcancerpreclinicalevaluationandmechanismspredictionandexplorationofadverseeffects
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