Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational study

Abstract Background Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) represents the preferred technique to treat localized renal lesions, not being exempted from the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) to happen, though. Patients experiencing postoperative AKI, either clinical or subclinical, are more susc...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Marco Allinovi, Margarete Teresa Walach, Micaela Anna Casiraghi, Marc Weidenbusch, Samantha Innocenti, Lorenzo Tofani, Laura Paparella, Alessandra Fanelli, Gianluca Villa, Philipp Nuhn
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Nephrology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04242-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849238742546513920
author Marco Allinovi
Margarete Teresa Walach
Micaela Anna Casiraghi
Marc Weidenbusch
Samantha Innocenti
Lorenzo Tofani
Laura Paparella
Alessandra Fanelli
Gianluca Villa
Philipp Nuhn
author_facet Marco Allinovi
Margarete Teresa Walach
Micaela Anna Casiraghi
Marc Weidenbusch
Samantha Innocenti
Lorenzo Tofani
Laura Paparella
Alessandra Fanelli
Gianluca Villa
Philipp Nuhn
author_sort Marco Allinovi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) represents the preferred technique to treat localized renal lesions, not being exempted from the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) to happen, though. Patients experiencing postoperative AKI, either clinical or subclinical, are more susceptible to develop chronic kidney disease. Methods Patients scheduled for NSS in localized renal cell carcinoma were recruited. Patients were grouped according to postoperative AKI development and postoperative NephroCheck value: group 1 (normal), no AKI and no increased biomarker; group 2 (subclinical AKI), no AKI but increased NephroCheck (> 0.3 at 4 h postoperatively); group 3, AKI and no increased NephroCheck; group 4 (clinical AKI), AKI and increased NephroCheck. Samples were collected pre- and post-operatively; renal function was re-assessed up to 24 months. Results Among 131 patients included, 42% developed clinical AKI. Based on NephroCheck® and clinical AKI criteria, patients could be divided in four groups with significantly different eGFR at 24 months (p = 0.0003). Multivariate analysis confirmed clinical AKI as an independent predictor of eGFR decline at 24 months (p < 0.0003). In subclinical AKI’s subgroup [20/131 (15%)], characterized by urinary NephroCheck® >0.3 and serum creatinine increase < 0.3 mg/dL, NephroCheck® appeared as an independent predictor of severe eGFR decline at 24 months (OR 3.76, p = 0.02); in this subgroup, eGFR decline resulted significantly more severe compared to eGFR decline in patients with neither serum creatinine nor tubular damage markers’ elevation. Conclusions In patients undergoing NSS, the most reliable predictor of long-term eGFR decline is represented by the occurrence of postoperative clinical AKI. In this setting, NephroCheck® appeared able to identify ‘subclinical AKI’ and consequently patients at increased risk of 24-month-eGFR decline.
format Article
id doaj-art-0ac97ffca13f4fe7821cfed06bcb79e8
institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2369
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Nephrology
spelling doaj-art-0ac97ffca13f4fe7821cfed06bcb79e82025-08-20T04:01:25ZengBMCBMC Nephrology1471-23692025-07-012611910.1186/s12882-025-04242-9Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational studyMarco Allinovi0Margarete Teresa Walach1Micaela Anna Casiraghi2Marc Weidenbusch3Samantha Innocenti4Lorenzo Tofani5Laura Paparella6Alessandra Fanelli7Gianluca Villa8Philipp Nuhn9Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Careggi University HospitalDepartment of Urology and Urologic Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg UniversityNephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Careggi University HospitalNephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians UniversityNephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Careggi University HospitalDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Careggi University HospitalDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Careggi University HospitalLaboratory Department, Careggi University HospitalDepartment of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Careggi University HospitalKlinik für Urologie Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-HolsteinAbstract Background Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) represents the preferred technique to treat localized renal lesions, not being exempted from the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) to happen, though. Patients experiencing postoperative AKI, either clinical or subclinical, are more susceptible to develop chronic kidney disease. Methods Patients scheduled for NSS in localized renal cell carcinoma were recruited. Patients were grouped according to postoperative AKI development and postoperative NephroCheck value: group 1 (normal), no AKI and no increased biomarker; group 2 (subclinical AKI), no AKI but increased NephroCheck (> 0.3 at 4 h postoperatively); group 3, AKI and no increased NephroCheck; group 4 (clinical AKI), AKI and increased NephroCheck. Samples were collected pre- and post-operatively; renal function was re-assessed up to 24 months. Results Among 131 patients included, 42% developed clinical AKI. Based on NephroCheck® and clinical AKI criteria, patients could be divided in four groups with significantly different eGFR at 24 months (p = 0.0003). Multivariate analysis confirmed clinical AKI as an independent predictor of eGFR decline at 24 months (p < 0.0003). In subclinical AKI’s subgroup [20/131 (15%)], characterized by urinary NephroCheck® >0.3 and serum creatinine increase < 0.3 mg/dL, NephroCheck® appeared as an independent predictor of severe eGFR decline at 24 months (OR 3.76, p = 0.02); in this subgroup, eGFR decline resulted significantly more severe compared to eGFR decline in patients with neither serum creatinine nor tubular damage markers’ elevation. Conclusions In patients undergoing NSS, the most reliable predictor of long-term eGFR decline is represented by the occurrence of postoperative clinical AKI. In this setting, NephroCheck® appeared able to identify ‘subclinical AKI’ and consequently patients at increased risk of 24-month-eGFR decline.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04242-9Acute kidney injuryPartial nephrectomyRenal cell carcinomaTIMP-2IGFBP7NephroCheck
spellingShingle Marco Allinovi
Margarete Teresa Walach
Micaela Anna Casiraghi
Marc Weidenbusch
Samantha Innocenti
Lorenzo Tofani
Laura Paparella
Alessandra Fanelli
Gianluca Villa
Philipp Nuhn
Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational study
BMC Nephrology
Acute kidney injury
Partial nephrectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
TIMP-2
IGFBP7
NephroCheck
title Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational study
title_full Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational study
title_fullStr Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational study
title_full_unstemmed Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational study
title_short Urinary NephroCheck® test, as a marker of subclinical postoperative AKI, correlates with long-term GFR decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy: a prospective bicentric observational study
title_sort urinary nephrocheck r test as a marker of subclinical postoperative aki correlates with long term gfr decline in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy a prospective bicentric observational study
topic Acute kidney injury
Partial nephrectomy
Renal cell carcinoma
TIMP-2
IGFBP7
NephroCheck
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-025-04242-9
work_keys_str_mv AT marcoallinovi urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT margareteteresawalach urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT micaelaannacasiraghi urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT marcweidenbusch urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT samanthainnocenti urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT lorenzotofani urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT laurapaparella urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT alessandrafanelli urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT gianlucavilla urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy
AT philippnuhn urinarynephrochecktestasamarkerofsubclinicalpostoperativeakicorrelateswithlongtermgfrdeclineinpatientsundergoingpartialnephrectomyaprospectivebicentricobservationalstudy