Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning Rate
The study groups (<i>n</i> = 39) included ewes with ongoing pregnancy (P+; <i>n</i> = 19), with fetal death (FD; <i>n</i> = 12), and that were not pregnant (P−; <i>n</i> = 8). Blood samples were taken on days 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, and 150 post-mating...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Halil Gunes Ozturan Selim Aslan Feride Zabitler Tepik Isfendiyar Darbaz Serkan Sayiner Axel Wehrend |
| author_facet | Halil Gunes Ozturan Selim Aslan Feride Zabitler Tepik Isfendiyar Darbaz Serkan Sayiner Axel Wehrend |
| author_sort | Halil Gunes Ozturan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study groups (<i>n</i> = 39) included ewes with ongoing pregnancy (P+; <i>n</i> = 19), with fetal death (FD; <i>n</i> = 12), and that were not pregnant (P−; <i>n</i> = 8). Blood samples were taken on days 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, and 150 post-mating. Ultrasonography (USG) controls started on day 30. The P<sub>4</sub> concentrations differed significantly between P+ and P− on all days (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Regarding AMH concentrations, a significant difference was observed between P+ and P− on day 30. P<sub>4</sub> increased significantly from day 60 to 80 and remained elevated until day 150 in P+, while remaining basal in P−. In FD and P− groups, P<sub>4</sub> reached its lowest concentrations. A rapid decrease in P<sub>4</sub> was observed in P− from day 20 onwards. A statistically significant difference in P<sub>4</sub> was also noted between P+ and FD. Additionally, P<sub>4</sub> concentrations differed between singleton and twin pregnancies, especially on days 20 and 40. Statistically significant differences in AMH were found between P+ and FD on days 10, 20, and 30. In P+ sheep, P<sub>4</sub>, AMH, and Hp concentrations varied by season. A significant relationship was found between AMH and Hp concentrations and body weight. In conclusion, P<sub>4</sub> stands out as the primary marker for distinguishing pregnancy status and detecting embryonic loss, while AMH provides complementary support, particularly in identifying fetal death. Seasonal changes were reflected across P<sub>4</sub>, AMH, and Hp concentrations, with AMH and Hp also showing significant associations with BW. |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ac5fe13da024e36a5b7e8f25e1d92572025-08-20T02:33:51ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-05-0112546310.3390/vetsci12050463Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning RateHalil Gunes Ozturan0Selim Aslan1Feride Zabitler Tepik2Isfendiyar Darbaz3Serkan Sayiner4Axel Wehrend5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, CyprusDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, CyprusDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, CyprusDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, CyprusDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, CyprusVeterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, GermanyThe study groups (<i>n</i> = 39) included ewes with ongoing pregnancy (P+; <i>n</i> = 19), with fetal death (FD; <i>n</i> = 12), and that were not pregnant (P−; <i>n</i> = 8). Blood samples were taken on days 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, and 150 post-mating. Ultrasonography (USG) controls started on day 30. The P<sub>4</sub> concentrations differed significantly between P+ and P− on all days (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Regarding AMH concentrations, a significant difference was observed between P+ and P− on day 30. P<sub>4</sub> increased significantly from day 60 to 80 and remained elevated until day 150 in P+, while remaining basal in P−. In FD and P− groups, P<sub>4</sub> reached its lowest concentrations. A rapid decrease in P<sub>4</sub> was observed in P− from day 20 onwards. A statistically significant difference in P<sub>4</sub> was also noted between P+ and FD. Additionally, P<sub>4</sub> concentrations differed between singleton and twin pregnancies, especially on days 20 and 40. Statistically significant differences in AMH were found between P+ and FD on days 10, 20, and 30. In P+ sheep, P<sub>4</sub>, AMH, and Hp concentrations varied by season. A significant relationship was found between AMH and Hp concentrations and body weight. In conclusion, P<sub>4</sub> stands out as the primary marker for distinguishing pregnancy status and detecting embryonic loss, while AMH provides complementary support, particularly in identifying fetal death. Seasonal changes were reflected across P<sub>4</sub>, AMH, and Hp concentrations, with AMH and Hp also showing significant associations with BW.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/463sheepewepregnancysingle-twin gestationbody weightprogesterone |
| spellingShingle | Halil Gunes Ozturan Selim Aslan Feride Zabitler Tepik Isfendiyar Darbaz Serkan Sayiner Axel Wehrend Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning Rate Veterinary Sciences sheep ewe pregnancy single-twin gestation body weight progesterone |
| title | Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning Rate |
| title_full | Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning Rate |
| title_fullStr | Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning Rate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning Rate |
| title_short | Concentrations of Progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>), Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), and Haptoglobin (Hp) in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Ewes and Their Association with Fetal Mortality, Maternal Weight, and Twinning Rate |
| title_sort | concentrations of progesterone p sub 4 sub anti mullerian hormone amh and haptoglobin hp in pregnant and non pregnant ewes and their association with fetal mortality maternal weight and twinning rate |
| topic | sheep ewe pregnancy single-twin gestation body weight progesterone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/463 |
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