Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future Directions
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains the most prevalent form of dementia and a pressing public health concern, particularly in the context of global population aging. The pathogenesis of AD involves a multifactorial interplay of genetic, molecular, and immunological mechanisms, with amyloid-β (Aβ) and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Kazimierz Wielki University
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Education, Health and Sport |
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| Online Access: | https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/60509 |
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| author | Aleksandra Boral Bartłomiej Czarnecki Wiktoria Pniok Julia Koczur Wiktor Werenkowicz Dominika Kryś Joanna Brzoza Michał Górski Wojciech Kurkiewicz |
| author_facet | Aleksandra Boral Bartłomiej Czarnecki Wiktoria Pniok Julia Koczur Wiktor Werenkowicz Dominika Kryś Joanna Brzoza Michał Górski Wojciech Kurkiewicz |
| author_sort | Aleksandra Boral |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains the most prevalent form of dementia and a pressing public health concern, particularly in the context of global population aging. The pathogenesis of AD involves a multifactorial interplay of genetic, molecular, and immunological mechanisms, with amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein playing pivotal roles. Current pharmacological treatments provide symptomatic relief but lack disease-modifying effects. Recent advancements in anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies such as aducanumab, lecanemab, and donanemab mark a significant shift in therapeutic strategies, although their clinical effectiveness and safety are still being carefully evaluated. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including gene therapy, tau-targeted interventions, neurostimulation techniques, and modulation of the gut microbiome, demonstrate potential but remain largely at the experimental stage, with limited or no clinical evaluation in humans to date. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and current as well as future directions in AD treatment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This article is based on a narrative review of recent research findings and clinical data related to Alzheimer's disease. It includes epidemiological statistics, clinical trial outcomes, and discusses both established pharmacological treatments and newly introduced therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies. The review also highlights emerging strategies, including gene therapies and novel therapeutic targets. Overall, it synthesizes current evidence to outline recent advances and identify areas for future research and development.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0ac4be819e1e4662abb02228f537b39b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2391-8306 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Kazimierz Wielki University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Education, Health and Sport |
| spelling | doaj-art-0ac4be819e1e4662abb02228f537b39b2025-08-20T02:42:12ZengKazimierz Wielki UniversityJournal of Education, Health and Sport2391-83062025-07-018310.12775/JEHS.2025.83.60509Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future DirectionsAleksandra Boral0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0342-5349Bartłomiej Czarnecki1https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8960-5760Wiktoria Pniok2https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0287-8527Julia Koczur3https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8578-0866Wiktor Werenkowicz4https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8487-2426Dominika Kryś5https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5183-7008Joanna Brzoza6https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1076-5461Michał Górski7https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5147-0192Wojciech Kurkiewicz8https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0137-1311Katowickie Centrum Onkologii Raciborska 26, 40-074 Katowice Provincial Specialist Hospital No. 5 named after St. Barbara in Sosnowiec, Plac Medyków 1, 41-214 Sosnowiec, Silesia, Poland Katowickie Centrum Onkologii Raciborska 26, 40-074 KatowiceSt. Elizabeth Hospital in Katowice, American Heart of Poland Group, Warszawska 52, 40-008 KatowicePowiatowe Centrum Zdrowia Sp. z o. o. 44 Batorego st. Otwock, 05-400 Masovia, PolandSamodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej MSWiA im. Sierżanta Grzegorza Załogi w Katowicach Wita Stwosza 39/41 40-042 KatowiceStudent of medicine at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the Silesian Medical University in Katowice-Ligota, Silesia, Poland ul. Medyków 18 40-752 KatowiceSamodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej MSWiA im. Sierżanta Grzegorza Załogi w Katowicach Wita Stwosza 39/41 40-042 Katowice Doctor of Medicine, Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Cracow, Kronikarza Galla Street 25, 30-053 Cracow, Poland Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains the most prevalent form of dementia and a pressing public health concern, particularly in the context of global population aging. The pathogenesis of AD involves a multifactorial interplay of genetic, molecular, and immunological mechanisms, with amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein playing pivotal roles. Current pharmacological treatments provide symptomatic relief but lack disease-modifying effects. Recent advancements in anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies such as aducanumab, lecanemab, and donanemab mark a significant shift in therapeutic strategies, although their clinical effectiveness and safety are still being carefully evaluated. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including gene therapy, tau-targeted interventions, neurostimulation techniques, and modulation of the gut microbiome, demonstrate potential but remain largely at the experimental stage, with limited or no clinical evaluation in humans to date. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and current as well as future directions in AD treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS This article is based on a narrative review of recent research findings and clinical data related to Alzheimer's disease. It includes epidemiological statistics, clinical trial outcomes, and discusses both established pharmacological treatments and newly introduced therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies. The review also highlights emerging strategies, including gene therapies and novel therapeutic targets. Overall, it synthesizes current evidence to outline recent advances and identify areas for future research and development. https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/60509Alzheimer’s diseaseamyloid-βtau proteinmonoclonal antibodieslecanemabdonanemab |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandra Boral Bartłomiej Czarnecki Wiktoria Pniok Julia Koczur Wiktor Werenkowicz Dominika Kryś Joanna Brzoza Michał Górski Wojciech Kurkiewicz Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future Directions Journal of Education, Health and Sport Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β tau protein monoclonal antibodies lecanemab donanemab |
| title | Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future Directions |
| title_full | Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future Directions |
| title_fullStr | Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future Directions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future Directions |
| title_short | Alzheimer’s Disease in the Context of an Aging Society: Challenges and Future Directions |
| title_sort | alzheimer s disease in the context of an aging society challenges and future directions |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β tau protein monoclonal antibodies lecanemab donanemab |
| url | https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/60509 |
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