Ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markers

Abstract Background Proper sizing of endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes is essential for safe airway management. Ultrasonography offers a non-invasive method to assess airway anatomy, particularly the subglottic region. This study aimed to evaluate subglottic tracheal diameter and trachea-to-skin d...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ahmet Baytok, Mehmet Ozturk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-07-01
Series:The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-025-00862-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849769764947230720
author Ahmet Baytok
Mehmet Ozturk
author_facet Ahmet Baytok
Mehmet Ozturk
author_sort Ahmet Baytok
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Proper sizing of endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes is essential for safe airway management. Ultrasonography offers a non-invasive method to assess airway anatomy, particularly the subglottic region. This study aimed to evaluate subglottic tracheal diameter and trachea-to-skin distance in healthy adults using ultrasound and to investigate their relationships with anthropometric variables. Methods A prospective study was conducted on 178 healthy adults (92 males, 86 females) aged 18 to 65 years, grouped by age (18–35, 36–50, 51–65 years). Subglottic tracheal diameter and trachea-to-skin distance were measured using a Canon Aplio™ 300 ultrasound system with participants in a supine position. Height, weight, and body mass index were recorded. Statistical analysis included Mann–Whitney U test, ANOVA, and Pearson or Spearman correlation as appropriate. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Males had significantly larger subglottic tracheal diameters than females (20.05 ± 3.01 mm vs. 16.93 ± 1.72 mm, p < 0.001). Trachea-to-skin distance showed no sex difference (p = 0.133) but increased significantly with age (p < 0.001), particularly between the youngest (8.12 ± 2.13 mm) and oldest (9.9 ± 2.5 mm) age groups. In younger adults, tracheal diameter correlated strongly with height (r = 0.65, p < 0.001), while trachea-to-skin distance correlated with both weight (r = 0.52–0.56) and body mass index (r = 0.50–0.64) across all age groups. Conclusions Ultrasound provides a reliable and individualized assessment of airway anatomy. Subglottic tracheal diameter and trachea-to-skin distance vary with sex, age, and body composition, which may guide personalized airway management and tube size selection. Further clinical validation is warranted.
format Article
id doaj-art-0a7aab10da0e4fdb94861a0cc51d66b3
institution DOAJ
issn 2090-8539
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology
spelling doaj-art-0a7aab10da0e4fdb94861a0cc51d66b32025-08-20T03:03:19ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology2090-85392025-07-014111910.1186/s43163-025-00862-yUltrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markersAhmet Baytok0Mehmet Ozturk1Department of Radiology, Selcuk University Medical Faculty HospitalDepartment of Radiology, Selcuk University Medical Faculty HospitalAbstract Background Proper sizing of endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes is essential for safe airway management. Ultrasonography offers a non-invasive method to assess airway anatomy, particularly the subglottic region. This study aimed to evaluate subglottic tracheal diameter and trachea-to-skin distance in healthy adults using ultrasound and to investigate their relationships with anthropometric variables. Methods A prospective study was conducted on 178 healthy adults (92 males, 86 females) aged 18 to 65 years, grouped by age (18–35, 36–50, 51–65 years). Subglottic tracheal diameter and trachea-to-skin distance were measured using a Canon Aplio™ 300 ultrasound system with participants in a supine position. Height, weight, and body mass index were recorded. Statistical analysis included Mann–Whitney U test, ANOVA, and Pearson or Spearman correlation as appropriate. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Males had significantly larger subglottic tracheal diameters than females (20.05 ± 3.01 mm vs. 16.93 ± 1.72 mm, p < 0.001). Trachea-to-skin distance showed no sex difference (p = 0.133) but increased significantly with age (p < 0.001), particularly between the youngest (8.12 ± 2.13 mm) and oldest (9.9 ± 2.5 mm) age groups. In younger adults, tracheal diameter correlated strongly with height (r = 0.65, p < 0.001), while trachea-to-skin distance correlated with both weight (r = 0.52–0.56) and body mass index (r = 0.50–0.64) across all age groups. Conclusions Ultrasound provides a reliable and individualized assessment of airway anatomy. Subglottic tracheal diameter and trachea-to-skin distance vary with sex, age, and body composition, which may guide personalized airway management and tube size selection. Further clinical validation is warranted.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-025-00862-yUltrasonographySubglottic tracheal diameterTrachea-to-skin distanceTracheostomyAnthropometric markers
spellingShingle Ahmet Baytok
Mehmet Ozturk
Ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markers
The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology
Ultrasonography
Subglottic tracheal diameter
Trachea-to-skin distance
Tracheostomy
Anthropometric markers
title Ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markers
title_full Ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markers
title_fullStr Ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markers
title_full_unstemmed Ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markers
title_short Ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology: relationship with anthropometric markers
title_sort ultrasonographic analysis of subglottic tracheal morphology relationship with anthropometric markers
topic Ultrasonography
Subglottic tracheal diameter
Trachea-to-skin distance
Tracheostomy
Anthropometric markers
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-025-00862-y
work_keys_str_mv AT ahmetbaytok ultrasonographicanalysisofsubglottictrachealmorphologyrelationshipwithanthropometricmarkers
AT mehmetozturk ultrasonographicanalysisofsubglottictrachealmorphologyrelationshipwithanthropometricmarkers