Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study

Abstract Background Previous studies have examined the associations between individual foods or nutrients, but few studies have considered dietary patterns associated with ovarian cancer (OC) survival. Methods In a prospective cohort study, we examined the association between pre-diagnosis and post-...

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Main Authors: Ying Qin, Xi-Yang Chen, Fan Cao, Jia-Cheng Liu, Lang Wu, Fang-Hua Liu, Yi-Zi Li, He-Li Xu, Yi-Fan Wei, Dong-Hui Huang, Xiao-Ying Li, Qian Xiao, Song Gao, Qi-Peng Ma, Lei Wang, Ting-Ting Gong, Qi-Jun Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:BMC Cancer
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13610-5
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author Ying Qin
Xi-Yang Chen
Fan Cao
Jia-Cheng Liu
Lang Wu
Fang-Hua Liu
Yi-Zi Li
He-Li Xu
Yi-Fan Wei
Dong-Hui Huang
Xiao-Ying Li
Qian Xiao
Song Gao
Qi-Peng Ma
Lei Wang
Ting-Ting Gong
Qi-Jun Wu
author_facet Ying Qin
Xi-Yang Chen
Fan Cao
Jia-Cheng Liu
Lang Wu
Fang-Hua Liu
Yi-Zi Li
He-Li Xu
Yi-Fan Wei
Dong-Hui Huang
Xiao-Ying Li
Qian Xiao
Song Gao
Qi-Peng Ma
Lei Wang
Ting-Ting Gong
Qi-Jun Wu
author_sort Ying Qin
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Previous studies have examined the associations between individual foods or nutrients, but few studies have considered dietary patterns associated with ovarian cancer (OC) survival. Methods In a prospective cohort study, we examined the association between pre-diagnosis and post-diagnosis overall diet, including changes from pre-diagnosis to post-diagnosis, and overall survival (OS) in 560 patients with OC. Dietary intake was collected using a valid 111-item food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was performed to determine the dietary patterns. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the hazard ratio (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs). Results Two dietary patterns were identified: Balanced and nutritious pattern and Energy-dense pattern. The highest tertile of the post-diagnosis Balanced and nutritious pattern scores was related to better OS compared with the lowest tertile (HR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.17–0.95, P trend < 0.05). However, no significant association between pre-diagnosis and post-diagnosis Energy-dense pattern scores and OS was observed. Compared to those who had persistently high Balanced and nutritious pattern scores, patients who changed from a high score of pre-diagnosis Balanced and nutritious pattern to low post-diagnosis, as well as those who shifted from a low to a high score, both had a decreased OS (HRhigh−low vs. high−high = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.18–3.08; HRlow−high vs. high−high = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.24–3.86). Additionally, patients who changed from a high pre-diagnosis score to a low post-diagnosis score had a decreased OS compared to those with consistently low Energy-dense pattern scores (HRhigh−low vs. low−low = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.06–2.84). Conclusions Greater adherence to the Balanced and nutritious pattern as well as less adherence to the Energy-dense pattern from pre-diagnosis to post-diagnosis were associated with better OC survival.
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spelling doaj-art-0a7198efc4334490acfdc683380befed2025-08-20T02:59:32ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072025-02-0125111210.1186/s12885-025-13610-5Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort studyYing Qin0Xi-Yang Chen1Fan Cao2Jia-Cheng Liu3Lang Wu4Fang-Hua Liu5Yi-Zi Li6He-Li Xu7Yi-Fan Wei8Dong-Hui Huang9Xiao-Ying Li10Qian Xiao11Song Gao12Qi-Peng Ma13Lei Wang14Ting-Ting Gong15Qi-Jun Wu16Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityCancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at ManoaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityAbstract Background Previous studies have examined the associations between individual foods or nutrients, but few studies have considered dietary patterns associated with ovarian cancer (OC) survival. Methods In a prospective cohort study, we examined the association between pre-diagnosis and post-diagnosis overall diet, including changes from pre-diagnosis to post-diagnosis, and overall survival (OS) in 560 patients with OC. Dietary intake was collected using a valid 111-item food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was performed to determine the dietary patterns. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the hazard ratio (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs). Results Two dietary patterns were identified: Balanced and nutritious pattern and Energy-dense pattern. The highest tertile of the post-diagnosis Balanced and nutritious pattern scores was related to better OS compared with the lowest tertile (HR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.17–0.95, P trend < 0.05). However, no significant association between pre-diagnosis and post-diagnosis Energy-dense pattern scores and OS was observed. Compared to those who had persistently high Balanced and nutritious pattern scores, patients who changed from a high score of pre-diagnosis Balanced and nutritious pattern to low post-diagnosis, as well as those who shifted from a low to a high score, both had a decreased OS (HRhigh−low vs. high−high = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.18–3.08; HRlow−high vs. high−high = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.24–3.86). Additionally, patients who changed from a high pre-diagnosis score to a low post-diagnosis score had a decreased OS compared to those with consistently low Energy-dense pattern scores (HRhigh−low vs. low−low = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.06–2.84). Conclusions Greater adherence to the Balanced and nutritious pattern as well as less adherence to the Energy-dense pattern from pre-diagnosis to post-diagnosis were associated with better OC survival.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13610-5CohortDietary patternOvarian cancerPrincipal component analysisSurvival
spellingShingle Ying Qin
Xi-Yang Chen
Fan Cao
Jia-Cheng Liu
Lang Wu
Fang-Hua Liu
Yi-Zi Li
He-Li Xu
Yi-Fan Wei
Dong-Hui Huang
Xiao-Ying Li
Qian Xiao
Song Gao
Qi-Peng Ma
Lei Wang
Ting-Ting Gong
Qi-Jun Wu
Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study
BMC Cancer
Cohort
Dietary pattern
Ovarian cancer
Principal component analysis
Survival
title Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study
title_full Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study
title_fullStr Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study
title_short Pre- and post-diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study
title_sort pre and post diagnosis dietary patterns and overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer a prospective cohort study
topic Cohort
Dietary pattern
Ovarian cancer
Principal component analysis
Survival
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13610-5
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