A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism

Abstract Social touch is critical for communication to impart emotions and intentions. However, certain autistic individuals experience aversion to social touch. Here, we used Neuropixels probes to record neural responses to social vs. non-social interactions in somatosensory cortex, tail of striatu...

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Main Authors: Trishala Chari, Ariana Hernandez, João Couto, Carlos Portera-Cailliau
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59852-6
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author Trishala Chari
Ariana Hernandez
João Couto
Carlos Portera-Cailliau
author_facet Trishala Chari
Ariana Hernandez
João Couto
Carlos Portera-Cailliau
author_sort Trishala Chari
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Social touch is critical for communication to impart emotions and intentions. However, certain autistic individuals experience aversion to social touch. Here, we used Neuropixels probes to record neural responses to social vs. non-social interactions in somatosensory cortex, tail of striatum, and basolateral amygdala. We find that wild type mice show aversion to repeated presentations of an inanimate object but not of another mouse. Cortical neurons are modulated especially by touch context (social vs. object), while striatal neurons change their preference depending on whether mice could choose or not to interact. In contrast, Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice, a model of autism, find social and non-social interactions equally aversive, especially at close proximity, and their cortical/striatal neurons are less able to discriminate social valence. A linear model shows that the encoding of certain avoidance/aversive behaviors in cortical neuron activity differed between genotypes. Thus, a reduced capacity to represent social stimuli at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism.
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spelling doaj-art-0a5fc8d52fcf436bb74ab4d275277eb52025-08-20T03:27:18ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-05-0116111810.1038/s41467-025-59852-6A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autismTrishala Chari0Ariana Hernandez1João Couto2Carlos Portera-Cailliau3Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los AngelesDepartment of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los AngelesDepartment of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los AngelesDepartment of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los AngelesAbstract Social touch is critical for communication to impart emotions and intentions. However, certain autistic individuals experience aversion to social touch. Here, we used Neuropixels probes to record neural responses to social vs. non-social interactions in somatosensory cortex, tail of striatum, and basolateral amygdala. We find that wild type mice show aversion to repeated presentations of an inanimate object but not of another mouse. Cortical neurons are modulated especially by touch context (social vs. object), while striatal neurons change their preference depending on whether mice could choose or not to interact. In contrast, Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice, a model of autism, find social and non-social interactions equally aversive, especially at close proximity, and their cortical/striatal neurons are less able to discriminate social valence. A linear model shows that the encoding of certain avoidance/aversive behaviors in cortical neuron activity differed between genotypes. Thus, a reduced capacity to represent social stimuli at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59852-6
spellingShingle Trishala Chari
Ariana Hernandez
João Couto
Carlos Portera-Cailliau
A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism
Nature Communications
title A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism
title_full A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism
title_fullStr A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism
title_full_unstemmed A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism
title_short A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism
title_sort reduced ability to discriminate social from non social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59852-6
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