Recurrent Jetlets Associated with the Disappearance of a Satellite Spot

Recurrent small-scale eruptions are fascinating phenomena in the solar atmosphere, characterized by repeated energy buildup and release over short time intervals. However, their underlying physical mechanisms remain unclear. On 2021 May 23, five recurrent jetlets (J1-J5) were observed continuously e...

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Main Authors: Liheng Yang, Xiaoli Yan, Jun Zhang, Zhike Xue, Zhe Xu, Jincheng Wang, Yijun Hou, Yian Zhou, Defang Kong, Roslan Umar, Xinsheng Zhang, Qiaoling Li, Liping Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/addac1
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Summary:Recurrent small-scale eruptions are fascinating phenomena in the solar atmosphere, characterized by repeated energy buildup and release over short time intervals. However, their underlying physical mechanisms remain unclear. On 2021 May 23, five recurrent jetlets (J1-J5) were observed continuously ejecting from a satellite spot located at the north edge of AR 12824. Using high-resolution, multiwavelength data from NVST, Solar Dynamics Observatory, and IRIS, we investigate the physical characteristics of these jetlets and their relationship with the satellite spot. The widths of these jetlets range from 1300 to 2900 km, their lifetimes range span 3–10 minutes, and their projection speeds vary from 152.8 to 406.0 km s ^−1 . During the eruptions, the satellite spot moved northwest at a low speed of 376 ± 12 m s ^−1 . Its area gradually decreased due to magnetic cancellation with the surrounding positive magnetic field, resulting in an average cancellation rate of 1.3 × 10 ^18 Mx hr ^−1 . Dark lanes that separated from the satellite spot and small pores were observed to move toward nearby these features or dark lanes with opposite polarities, eventually disappearing during the magnetic cancellation process. J4 was driven by an eruption of a microfilament. Spectral observations revealed a redshift on the right side of J4 and a blueshift on the left side of its base, suggesting a counterclockwise rotation. The horizontal magnetic field of the satellite spot consistently exhibited a vortex structure throughout its evolution until it vanished. The nonlinear force-free field extrapolation confirms that the satellite spot serves as one footpoint of a mini-flux rope. These observations reveal that these jetlets might result from three-dimensional null-point magnetic reconnection, initiated by the continuous eruption of a mini-flux rope or multiple mini-flux ropes, driven by sustained magnetic cancellation.
ISSN:1538-4357