Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study
Abstract Background Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are the third leading cause of death worldwide. Data of the associations between specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a major component of air pollution and tobacco smoke, and subsequent CRD mortality in the general population are scarce...
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2025-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03165-1 |
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| author | Mahdi Nalini Hossein Poustchi Deepak Bhandari Benjamin C. Blount Brandon M. Kenwood Cindy M. Chang Amy Gross Christopher Ellison Masoud Khoshnia Akram Pourshams Mitchell H. Gail Barry I. Graubard Sanford M Dawsey Farin Kamangar Paolo Boffetta Paul Brennan Christian C. Abnet Reza Malekzadeh Neal D. Freedman Arash Etemadi |
| author_facet | Mahdi Nalini Hossein Poustchi Deepak Bhandari Benjamin C. Blount Brandon M. Kenwood Cindy M. Chang Amy Gross Christopher Ellison Masoud Khoshnia Akram Pourshams Mitchell H. Gail Barry I. Graubard Sanford M Dawsey Farin Kamangar Paolo Boffetta Paul Brennan Christian C. Abnet Reza Malekzadeh Neal D. Freedman Arash Etemadi |
| author_sort | Mahdi Nalini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are the third leading cause of death worldwide. Data of the associations between specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a major component of air pollution and tobacco smoke, and subsequent CRD mortality in the general population are scarce. Methods In a case-cohort analysis within the population-based Golestan cohort study (n = 50045, aged 40–75 years, 58% women, enrollment: 2004–2008, northeastern Iran), we included all participants who died from CRD during follow-up through 2018 (n = 242) as cases and stratified them into 16 strata defined by age, sex, residence, and tobacco smoking. Subcohort participants (n = 610) were randomly selected from all eligible cohort participants in each stratum, and sampling fractions were calculated. Baseline urine samples were used to measure 20 VOCs using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. After excluding participants with previous history of CRDs, we used stratified Cox regression models weighted by the inverse sampling fractions (i.e. inverse probability weighting) adjusted for potential confounders, including urinary cotinine and pack-years of smoking, to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for the associations between biomarker tertiles and CRD mortality. Results Data from 545 non-case, sub-cohort participants and 149 cases (69.1% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 13.4% asthma, 17.5% other CRDs) were assessed in this study. During a follow-up of 10.5 years, associations [2nd and 3rd vs. 1st tertiles, HR (95% confidence interval), p for trend] were observed between metabolites of acrolein [1.56 (0.64,3.79), 3.53 (1.53,8.16), 0.002] and styrene/ethylbenzene [1.17 (0.53,2.60), 3.24 (1.37,7.66), 0.005] and CRD mortality, which persisted after excluding the first four years of follow-up. Conclusion Our findings support prior research suggesting respiratory toxicity of VOCs. Further investigation and monitoring of these compounds, especially acrolein and styrene/ethylbenzene, as CRD risk factors, are recommended. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0a2c482a054245f4a3be69c15fcea2d3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1465-993X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Respiratory Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-0a2c482a054245f4a3be69c15fcea2d32025-08-20T02:59:54ZengBMCRespiratory Research1465-993X2025-03-012611910.1186/s12931-025-03165-1Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort studyMahdi Nalini0Hossein Poustchi1Deepak Bhandari2Benjamin C. Blount3Brandon M. Kenwood4Cindy M. Chang5Amy Gross6Christopher Ellison7Masoud Khoshnia8Akram Pourshams9Mitchell H. Gail10Barry I. Graubard11Sanford M Dawsey12Farin Kamangar13Paolo Boffetta14Paul Brennan15Christian C. Abnet16Reza Malekzadeh17Neal D. Freedman18Arash Etemadi19Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthLiver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug AdministrationCenter for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug AdministrationCenter for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug AdministrationDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesBiostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBiostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthMetabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthDepartment of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State UniversityStony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook UniversityInternational Agency for Research on CancerMetabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesMetabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthMetabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthAbstract Background Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are the third leading cause of death worldwide. Data of the associations between specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a major component of air pollution and tobacco smoke, and subsequent CRD mortality in the general population are scarce. Methods In a case-cohort analysis within the population-based Golestan cohort study (n = 50045, aged 40–75 years, 58% women, enrollment: 2004–2008, northeastern Iran), we included all participants who died from CRD during follow-up through 2018 (n = 242) as cases and stratified them into 16 strata defined by age, sex, residence, and tobacco smoking. Subcohort participants (n = 610) were randomly selected from all eligible cohort participants in each stratum, and sampling fractions were calculated. Baseline urine samples were used to measure 20 VOCs using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. After excluding participants with previous history of CRDs, we used stratified Cox regression models weighted by the inverse sampling fractions (i.e. inverse probability weighting) adjusted for potential confounders, including urinary cotinine and pack-years of smoking, to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for the associations between biomarker tertiles and CRD mortality. Results Data from 545 non-case, sub-cohort participants and 149 cases (69.1% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 13.4% asthma, 17.5% other CRDs) were assessed in this study. During a follow-up of 10.5 years, associations [2nd and 3rd vs. 1st tertiles, HR (95% confidence interval), p for trend] were observed between metabolites of acrolein [1.56 (0.64,3.79), 3.53 (1.53,8.16), 0.002] and styrene/ethylbenzene [1.17 (0.53,2.60), 3.24 (1.37,7.66), 0.005] and CRD mortality, which persisted after excluding the first four years of follow-up. Conclusion Our findings support prior research suggesting respiratory toxicity of VOCs. Further investigation and monitoring of these compounds, especially acrolein and styrene/ethylbenzene, as CRD risk factors, are recommended.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03165-1Air pollutionPulmonary diseaseAsthmaTobacco smoking |
| spellingShingle | Mahdi Nalini Hossein Poustchi Deepak Bhandari Benjamin C. Blount Brandon M. Kenwood Cindy M. Chang Amy Gross Christopher Ellison Masoud Khoshnia Akram Pourshams Mitchell H. Gail Barry I. Graubard Sanford M Dawsey Farin Kamangar Paolo Boffetta Paul Brennan Christian C. Abnet Reza Malekzadeh Neal D. Freedman Arash Etemadi Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study Respiratory Research Air pollution Pulmonary disease Asthma Tobacco smoking |
| title | Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study |
| title_full | Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study |
| title_short | Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study |
| title_sort | exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality a case cohort study |
| topic | Air pollution Pulmonary disease Asthma Tobacco smoking |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03165-1 |
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