Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith

Abstract Background Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important annual cereal crop with nutritional benefits, but its production is constrained by activities of insect pests. The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is one of the important economic pests that limits the production of maize, causing several...

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Main Authors: Oluwadamilola Idowu, Olajumoke Alabi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00413-6
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author Oluwadamilola Idowu
Olajumoke Alabi
author_facet Oluwadamilola Idowu
Olajumoke Alabi
author_sort Oluwadamilola Idowu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important annual cereal crop with nutritional benefits, but its production is constrained by activities of insect pests. The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is one of the important economic pests that limits the production of maize, causing several damages on maize fields. Synthetic insecticides are commonly used to manage fall armyworm, but they have undesirable side effects on human and the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activities of ethyl acetate and methanol leaf extracts of Dennettia tripetala and Jatropha curcas against fall armyworm. Results In the contact toxicity of Dennettia tripetala and Jatropha curcas extracts, larval mortality increased with an increase in exposure time and concentrations. The extracts possessed significant contact insecticidal effects that ranged between 20.00 ± 13.94% and 100.00 ± 0.00%. Also, in the feeding deterrent activity test, extracts revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in larva mortality and duration. Larva duration ranged from 56.67 ± 14.91% to 100.00 ± 0.00%. The larval stages of S. fruiperda that were artificially treated with the concentrations of the extract were shorter than those that were exposed to the control treatments. The methanol leaves extracts of Dennettia tripetala and Jatropha curcas showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the pupal mortality and pupal weight among the treatments. Jatropha curcas ethyl acetate and Jatropha curcas methanol extracts had high flavonoid content, and tannin and phenol content was higher in Dennettia tripetala ethyl and methanol extracts. Conclusions From this study, ethyl acetate and methanol leaf extracts (75% and 100% v/v concentrations) are effective as contact and stomach poisons against fall armyworm and suitable replacements for synthetic pesticides.
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spelling doaj-art-0a1094ed0d8949a9aaccbfc802bfc6232025-08-20T02:37:57ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Basic and Applied Zoology2090-990X2024-12-0185111010.1186/s41936-024-00413-6Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. SmithOluwadamilola Idowu0Olajumoke Alabi1University of IbadanUniversity of IbadanAbstract Background Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important annual cereal crop with nutritional benefits, but its production is constrained by activities of insect pests. The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is one of the important economic pests that limits the production of maize, causing several damages on maize fields. Synthetic insecticides are commonly used to manage fall armyworm, but they have undesirable side effects on human and the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activities of ethyl acetate and methanol leaf extracts of Dennettia tripetala and Jatropha curcas against fall armyworm. Results In the contact toxicity of Dennettia tripetala and Jatropha curcas extracts, larval mortality increased with an increase in exposure time and concentrations. The extracts possessed significant contact insecticidal effects that ranged between 20.00 ± 13.94% and 100.00 ± 0.00%. Also, in the feeding deterrent activity test, extracts revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in larva mortality and duration. Larva duration ranged from 56.67 ± 14.91% to 100.00 ± 0.00%. The larval stages of S. fruiperda that were artificially treated with the concentrations of the extract were shorter than those that were exposed to the control treatments. The methanol leaves extracts of Dennettia tripetala and Jatropha curcas showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the pupal mortality and pupal weight among the treatments. Jatropha curcas ethyl acetate and Jatropha curcas methanol extracts had high flavonoid content, and tannin and phenol content was higher in Dennettia tripetala ethyl and methanol extracts. Conclusions From this study, ethyl acetate and methanol leaf extracts (75% and 100% v/v concentrations) are effective as contact and stomach poisons against fall armyworm and suitable replacements for synthetic pesticides.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00413-6Fall armywormTanninFlavonoidDennettia tripetalaJatropha curcasLeaf extracts
spellingShingle Oluwadamilola Idowu
Olajumoke Alabi
Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith
Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology
Fall armyworm
Tannin
Flavonoid
Dennettia tripetala
Jatropha curcas
Leaf extracts
title Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith
title_full Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith
title_fullStr Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith
title_full_unstemmed Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith
title_short Contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of Dennettia tripetala Bak. and Jatropha curcas L. leaf extracts against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith
title_sort contact toxicity and feeding deterrent activity of dennettia tripetala bak and jatropha curcas l leaf extracts against spodoptera frugiperda j e smith
topic Fall armyworm
Tannin
Flavonoid
Dennettia tripetala
Jatropha curcas
Leaf extracts
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-024-00413-6
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