A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote Sensing
The real-time and accurate assessment of crop aerial nitrogen (N) uptake is of significant importance for optimizing N fertilization. To develop a robust method for determining aerial N uptake in winter wheat, a field experiment with different N fertilizer levels was conducted over three successive...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10959048/ |
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| author | Bin-Bin Guo Wen-Hui Wang Chao Ma Jun Zhang Fei Yin Wei Feng |
| author_facet | Bin-Bin Guo Wen-Hui Wang Chao Ma Jun Zhang Fei Yin Wei Feng |
| author_sort | Bin-Bin Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The real-time and accurate assessment of crop aerial nitrogen (N) uptake is of significant importance for optimizing N fertilization. To develop a robust method for determining aerial N uptake in winter wheat, a field experiment with different N fertilizer levels was conducted over three successive years at two ecological sites in Henan, China. This research systematically compared the correlation between aerial N uptake and spectral parameters derived from various spectral transform methods: continuum removal (CR), standard normal variate transform method, first derivative reflectance (FDR), and continuous wavelet transforms (CWT). The findings revealed that CWT exhibited the highest efficacy among all the spectral transform methods, followed by FDR, with <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> values of 0.777 for WF(4,770) and 0.764 for FDR<sub>748</sub>. A new index, termed the difference wavelet feature index (DWF), is defined as DWF(4 560 770) = WF(4560) − WF(4770). This simple yet effective index significantly enhances the assessment of aerial N uptake, achieving an <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> of 0.815. Validation with independent data showed that the RMSE for the DIDA, FDR<sub>748</sub>, WF(4770), and DWF(4 560 770) under different cultivation factors were 3.578–4.361 g m<sup>-2</sup>, 3.501–4.219 g m<sup>-2</sup>, 3.472–4.309 g m<sup>-2</sup>, 3.262–4.030 g m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. It was further verified that the newly DWF(4 560 770) index has excellent universality and stability. Therefore, the aforementioned studies indicated that the novel DWF(4 560 770) is more suitable for evaluating aerial N uptake at the heterogeneous field scale and also has significant potential for precise prediction of aerial N uptake using UAV remote sensing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-09f446101b5d4e20a2d924499b5d8126 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1939-1404 2151-1535 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| series | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-09f446101b5d4e20a2d924499b5d81262025-08-20T03:11:06ZengIEEEIEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing1939-14042151-15352025-01-0118112131122410.1109/JSTARS.2025.355910010959048A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote SensingBin-Bin Guo0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-5858Wen-Hui Wang1Chao Ma2Jun Zhang3Fei Yin4Wei Feng5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9874-7545College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR ChinaCollege of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, PR ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, PR ChinaThe real-time and accurate assessment of crop aerial nitrogen (N) uptake is of significant importance for optimizing N fertilization. To develop a robust method for determining aerial N uptake in winter wheat, a field experiment with different N fertilizer levels was conducted over three successive years at two ecological sites in Henan, China. This research systematically compared the correlation between aerial N uptake and spectral parameters derived from various spectral transform methods: continuum removal (CR), standard normal variate transform method, first derivative reflectance (FDR), and continuous wavelet transforms (CWT). The findings revealed that CWT exhibited the highest efficacy among all the spectral transform methods, followed by FDR, with <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> values of 0.777 for WF(4,770) and 0.764 for FDR<sub>748</sub>. A new index, termed the difference wavelet feature index (DWF), is defined as DWF(4 560 770) = WF(4560) − WF(4770). This simple yet effective index significantly enhances the assessment of aerial N uptake, achieving an <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> of 0.815. Validation with independent data showed that the RMSE for the DIDA, FDR<sub>748</sub>, WF(4770), and DWF(4 560 770) under different cultivation factors were 3.578–4.361 g m<sup>-2</sup>, 3.501–4.219 g m<sup>-2</sup>, 3.472–4.309 g m<sup>-2</sup>, 3.262–4.030 g m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. It was further verified that the newly DWF(4 560 770) index has excellent universality and stability. Therefore, the aforementioned studies indicated that the novel DWF(4 560 770) is more suitable for evaluating aerial N uptake at the heterogeneous field scale and also has significant potential for precise prediction of aerial N uptake using UAV remote sensing.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10959048/Aerial Nitrogen (N) uptakehyperspectral reflectancemonitoring modelwavelet analysiswinter wheat |
| spellingShingle | Bin-Bin Guo Wen-Hui Wang Chao Ma Jun Zhang Fei Yin Wei Feng A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote Sensing IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing Aerial Nitrogen (N) uptake hyperspectral reflectance monitoring model wavelet analysis winter wheat |
| title | A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote Sensing |
| title_full | A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote Sensing |
| title_fullStr | A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote Sensing |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote Sensing |
| title_short | A Difference Wavelet Feature Index for Estimating Aerial N Uptake of Winter Wheat from In Situ Hyperspectral Remote Sensing |
| title_sort | difference wavelet feature index for estimating aerial n uptake of winter wheat from in situ hyperspectral remote sensing |
| topic | Aerial Nitrogen (N) uptake hyperspectral reflectance monitoring model wavelet analysis winter wheat |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10959048/ |
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