Perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the relationship between perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) accumulation and the risk of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEAD) and its potential mediating role in the association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and LEAD. 828 participants wi...

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Main Authors: Xiu Li Guo, Mei Tu, Xiu Ping Qiu, Wei Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08122-y
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author Xiu Li Guo
Mei Tu
Xiu Ping Qiu
Wei Wang
author_facet Xiu Li Guo
Mei Tu
Xiu Ping Qiu
Wei Wang
author_sort Xiu Li Guo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study aims to evaluate the relationship between perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) accumulation and the risk of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEAD) and its potential mediating role in the association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and LEAD. 828 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were included in the final analysis. Perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) was assessed using unenhanced abdominal CT to estimate PAT mass. The diagnosis of LEAD was based on the ankle-brachial index (ABI), stenosis, or occlusion in the lower limb arteries. After full adjustment for potential confounders, PrFT negatively correlated with ABI (β = − 0.265, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with AIP (β = 0.121, P < 0.001). PrFT was identified as an independent risk factor for LEAD (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03–1.26, P = 0.010). Restricted cubic splines analysis further revealed a non-linear association between PrFT and risk of LEAD (P for overall = 0.015; P for nonlinear = 0.039). Additionally, PrFT mediated 15.9% and 12.5% of the adverse impacts of AIP on ABI and LEAD. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses excluding 141 newly diagnosed T2DM produced consistent results. PAT accumulation was independently associated with the risk of LEAD and partially mediated the adverse impacts of AIP on ABI and LEAD.
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spelling doaj-art-09d269a8d3e6453483a8800a48d154c62025-08-20T04:01:24ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-08122-yPerirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial diseaseXiu Li Guo0Mei Tu1Xiu Ping Qiu2Wei Wang3Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityAbstract This study aims to evaluate the relationship between perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) accumulation and the risk of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEAD) and its potential mediating role in the association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and LEAD. 828 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were included in the final analysis. Perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) was assessed using unenhanced abdominal CT to estimate PAT mass. The diagnosis of LEAD was based on the ankle-brachial index (ABI), stenosis, or occlusion in the lower limb arteries. After full adjustment for potential confounders, PrFT negatively correlated with ABI (β = − 0.265, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with AIP (β = 0.121, P < 0.001). PrFT was identified as an independent risk factor for LEAD (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03–1.26, P = 0.010). Restricted cubic splines analysis further revealed a non-linear association between PrFT and risk of LEAD (P for overall = 0.015; P for nonlinear = 0.039). Additionally, PrFT mediated 15.9% and 12.5% of the adverse impacts of AIP on ABI and LEAD. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses excluding 141 newly diagnosed T2DM produced consistent results. PAT accumulation was independently associated with the risk of LEAD and partially mediated the adverse impacts of AIP on ABI and LEAD.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08122-yPerirenal adipose tissueLower-extremity peripheral arterial diseaseAnkle-brachial indexPerirenal fat thicknessAtherogenic index of plasmaType 2 diabetes mellitus
spellingShingle Xiu Li Guo
Mei Tu
Xiu Ping Qiu
Wei Wang
Perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
Scientific Reports
Perirenal adipose tissue
Lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease
Ankle-brachial index
Perirenal fat thickness
Atherogenic index of plasma
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
title Perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
title_full Perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
title_fullStr Perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
title_full_unstemmed Perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
title_short Perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
title_sort perirenal adipose tissue accumulation mediates the adverse impact of the atherogenic index of plasma on lower extremity peripheral arterial disease
topic Perirenal adipose tissue
Lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease
Ankle-brachial index
Perirenal fat thickness
Atherogenic index of plasma
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08122-y
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