Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors
Understanding the trends and drivers of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is vital to making effective climate mitigation strategies and benefiting human health. In this study, we investigate carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) trends in the top three emitting states in the U.S. (i.e., Texas, Californ...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/13/2187 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849704323627352064 |
|---|---|
| author | Shannon Lindsey Mahesh Bade Yang Li |
| author_facet | Shannon Lindsey Mahesh Bade Yang Li |
| author_sort | Shannon Lindsey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the trends and drivers of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is vital to making effective climate mitigation strategies and benefiting human health. In this study, we investigate carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) trends in the top three emitting states in the U.S. (i.e., Texas, California, and Florida) using column-averaged CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations (XCO<sub>2</sub>) from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) from 2010 to 2022. Annual XCO<sub>2</sub> enhancements are derived by removing regional background values (XCO<sub>2, enhancement</sub>), and their interannual changes (ΔXCO<sub>2, enhancement</sub>) are analyzed against key influencing factors, including population, gross domestic product (GDP), nonrenewable and renewable energy consumption, and normalized vegetation difference index (NDVI). Overall, interannual changes in socioeconomic factors, particularly GDP and energy consumption, are more strongly correlated with ΔXCO<sub>2, enhancement</sub> in Florida. In contrast, NDVI and state-specific environmental policies appear to play a more influential role in shaping XCO<sub>2</sub> trends in California and Texas. These differences underscore the importance of regionally tailored approaches to emissions monitoring and mitigation. Although renewable energy use is increasing, CO<sub>2</sub> trends remain primarily influenced by nonrenewable sources, limiting progress toward atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> reduction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-09ca397accfd42b39f0eaedcc34cf4d0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-09ca397accfd42b39f0eaedcc34cf4d02025-08-20T03:16:47ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-06-011713218710.3390/rs17132187Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental FactorsShannon Lindsey0Mahesh Bade1Yang Li2Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USADepartment of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USADepartment of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USAUnderstanding the trends and drivers of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is vital to making effective climate mitigation strategies and benefiting human health. In this study, we investigate carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) trends in the top three emitting states in the U.S. (i.e., Texas, California, and Florida) using column-averaged CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations (XCO<sub>2</sub>) from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) from 2010 to 2022. Annual XCO<sub>2</sub> enhancements are derived by removing regional background values (XCO<sub>2, enhancement</sub>), and their interannual changes (ΔXCO<sub>2, enhancement</sub>) are analyzed against key influencing factors, including population, gross domestic product (GDP), nonrenewable and renewable energy consumption, and normalized vegetation difference index (NDVI). Overall, interannual changes in socioeconomic factors, particularly GDP and energy consumption, are more strongly correlated with ΔXCO<sub>2, enhancement</sub> in Florida. In contrast, NDVI and state-specific environmental policies appear to play a more influential role in shaping XCO<sub>2</sub> trends in California and Texas. These differences underscore the importance of regionally tailored approaches to emissions monitoring and mitigation. Although renewable energy use is increasing, CO<sub>2</sub> trends remain primarily influenced by nonrenewable sources, limiting progress toward atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> reduction.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/13/2187XCO<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub> enhancementGOSATsocioeconomic driversenergy consumptionNDVI |
| spellingShingle | Shannon Lindsey Mahesh Bade Yang Li Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors Remote Sensing XCO<sub>2</sub> CO<sub>2</sub> enhancement GOSAT socioeconomic drivers energy consumption NDVI |
| title | Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors |
| title_full | Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors |
| title_fullStr | Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors |
| title_short | Correlating XCO<sub>2</sub> Trends over Texas, California, and Florida with Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors |
| title_sort | correlating xco sub 2 sub trends over texas california and florida with socioeconomic and environmental factors |
| topic | XCO<sub>2</sub> CO<sub>2</sub> enhancement GOSAT socioeconomic drivers energy consumption NDVI |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/13/2187 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shannonlindsey correlatingxcosub2subtrendsovertexascaliforniaandfloridawithsocioeconomicandenvironmentalfactors AT maheshbade correlatingxcosub2subtrendsovertexascaliforniaandfloridawithsocioeconomicandenvironmentalfactors AT yangli correlatingxcosub2subtrendsovertexascaliforniaandfloridawithsocioeconomicandenvironmentalfactors |