Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSD
Abstract Introduction To evaluate whether treated with immunosuppressants in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) shows an effect on the severity and outcomes of COVID‐19 Omicron variant. Methods This is a substudy of a single‐center clinical trial involving human umbilical cord mesenchyma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Immunity, Inflammation and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.1128 |
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| author | Un Wai Choi Xiwen Ai Hongyan Li Yong Hao Xiaoying Yao Yangtai Guan |
| author_facet | Un Wai Choi Xiwen Ai Hongyan Li Yong Hao Xiaoying Yao Yangtai Guan |
| author_sort | Un Wai Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction To evaluate whether treated with immunosuppressants in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) shows an effect on the severity and outcomes of COVID‐19 Omicron variant. Methods This is a substudy of a single‐center clinical trial involving human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC‐MSCs) in NMOSD patients. NMOSD patients with hUC‐MSCs treatment, NMOSD patients without hUC‐MSCs treatment, and matched healthy controls (HC) were included. Demographic information, NMOSD‐related clinical features, comorbidities, use of disease‐modifying therapy, COVID‐19 vaccination status, COVID‐19 clinical features, COVID‐19 clinical outcomes, and NMOSD‐related disease activity were obtained through online questionnaires or phone calls. Results The majority of NMOSD patients received long‐term treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (68.8%) or azathioprine (22.9%), and 50% received oral glucocorticoid. During the epidemic, 97.4% of NMOSD patients infected with COVID‐19 had asymptomatic or mild forms, with only two patients (2.6%) requiring hospitalization. None of these patients required tracheal intubation or admission to the intensive care unit. Clinical symptoms were found to be more prevalent in HC groups. Additionally, the HC groups had higher fever‐recorded temperatures. NMOSD patients who received hUC‐MSCs treatment had shorter disease duration than patients who did not receive hUC‐MSCs treatment. Discussion Immunosuppressant‐treated patients with NMOSD have a similar risk of COVID‐19 infection as the general population, but the disease duration is shorter and the clinical symptoms are less severe. Among our NMOSD patients who received hUC‐MSCs treatment, COVID‐19 outcomes were favorable, with no increased risk of severe COVID‐19. Prospective studies on immunotherapies are needed to help determine best treatment practices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-09c58dd45d2d4477adf16ef620baa3e0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2050-4527 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Immunity, Inflammation and Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-09c58dd45d2d4477adf16ef620baa3e02025-08-20T03:24:11ZengWileyImmunity, Inflammation and Disease2050-45272024-01-01121n/an/a10.1002/iid3.1128Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSDUn Wai Choi0Xiwen Ai1Hongyan Li2Yong Hao3Xiaoying Yao4Yangtai Guan5Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaAbstract Introduction To evaluate whether treated with immunosuppressants in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) shows an effect on the severity and outcomes of COVID‐19 Omicron variant. Methods This is a substudy of a single‐center clinical trial involving human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC‐MSCs) in NMOSD patients. NMOSD patients with hUC‐MSCs treatment, NMOSD patients without hUC‐MSCs treatment, and matched healthy controls (HC) were included. Demographic information, NMOSD‐related clinical features, comorbidities, use of disease‐modifying therapy, COVID‐19 vaccination status, COVID‐19 clinical features, COVID‐19 clinical outcomes, and NMOSD‐related disease activity were obtained through online questionnaires or phone calls. Results The majority of NMOSD patients received long‐term treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (68.8%) or azathioprine (22.9%), and 50% received oral glucocorticoid. During the epidemic, 97.4% of NMOSD patients infected with COVID‐19 had asymptomatic or mild forms, with only two patients (2.6%) requiring hospitalization. None of these patients required tracheal intubation or admission to the intensive care unit. Clinical symptoms were found to be more prevalent in HC groups. Additionally, the HC groups had higher fever‐recorded temperatures. NMOSD patients who received hUC‐MSCs treatment had shorter disease duration than patients who did not receive hUC‐MSCs treatment. Discussion Immunosuppressant‐treated patients with NMOSD have a similar risk of COVID‐19 infection as the general population, but the disease duration is shorter and the clinical symptoms are less severe. Among our NMOSD patients who received hUC‐MSCs treatment, COVID‐19 outcomes were favorable, with no increased risk of severe COVID‐19. Prospective studies on immunotherapies are needed to help determine best treatment practices.https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.1128COVID‐19human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC‐MSC)immunosuppressantneuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) |
| spellingShingle | Un Wai Choi Xiwen Ai Hongyan Li Yong Hao Xiaoying Yao Yangtai Guan Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSD Immunity, Inflammation and Disease COVID‐19 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC‐MSC) immunosuppressant neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) |
| title | Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSD |
| title_full | Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSD |
| title_fullStr | Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSD |
| title_short | Immunosuppressive therapy and COVID‐19 infection in patients with NMOSD |
| title_sort | immunosuppressive therapy and covid 19 infection in patients with nmosd |
| topic | COVID‐19 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC‐MSC) immunosuppressant neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.1128 |
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