Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China
Abstract Background The number of patients experiencing re-infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is progressively increasing. In this study, we aimed to explore the differences in clinical characteristics between patients with primary infection and those with re...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10509-1 |
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| author | Chao-Chao Qiu Xiao-Qing Lin Qiang Zhang Ya-Long Chen Xiao-Qiao Su Ming-Ying Zhang Le-Fei Zhu Zhi-Ruo Lin Fang Cheng Shang-Ren Xie Ji-Chan Shi Xian-Gao Jiang |
| author_facet | Chao-Chao Qiu Xiao-Qing Lin Qiang Zhang Ya-Long Chen Xiao-Qiao Su Ming-Ying Zhang Le-Fei Zhu Zhi-Ruo Lin Fang Cheng Shang-Ren Xie Ji-Chan Shi Xian-Gao Jiang |
| author_sort | Chao-Chao Qiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The number of patients experiencing re-infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is progressively increasing. In this study, we aimed to explore the differences in clinical characteristics between patients with primary infection and those with re-infection of SARS-CoV-2. Methods A retrospective data analysis was conducted involving patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 between April 1, 2023, and June 20, 2023. The patients were categorized into two groups: the observation group, consisting of individuals re-infected with SARS-CoV-2, and the control group, comprising those with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results A total of 905 (905/1025) patients were included in the study, with 407 in the observation group and 498 in the control group. The top three clinical symptoms in both groups were fever, cough with expectoration, and dizziness with fatigue (p < 0.001). The clinical classification of patients in the observation group primarily consisted of non-severe cases (p < 0.001). The proportion of hospitalized patients was lower in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.001). The observation group exhibited a shorter clinical symptom recovery time than that did the control group (median, 5 days vs. 7 days, Log rank p<0.001, HR = 1.907(95% CI 1.669–2.178). Conclusions Patients experiencing SARS-CoV-2 re-infection were primarily classified as non-severe cases, with lower proportions of occurrence of severe and rare critical conditions. The severity was milder compared to that in patients with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-09a29ccccaee44f68470636e71e82c2a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-09a29ccccaee44f68470636e71e82c2a2025-02-09T12:14:50ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-02-012511910.1186/s12879-025-10509-1Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in ChinaChao-Chao Qiu0Xiao-Qing Lin1Qiang Zhang2Ya-Long Chen3Xiao-Qiao Su4Ming-Ying Zhang5Le-Fei Zhu6Zhi-Ruo Lin7Fang Cheng8Shang-Ren Xie9Ji-Chan Shi10Xian-Gao Jiang11Department of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Cardiology, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Cardiology, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dingli Clinical College Of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central HospitalAbstract Background The number of patients experiencing re-infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is progressively increasing. In this study, we aimed to explore the differences in clinical characteristics between patients with primary infection and those with re-infection of SARS-CoV-2. Methods A retrospective data analysis was conducted involving patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 between April 1, 2023, and June 20, 2023. The patients were categorized into two groups: the observation group, consisting of individuals re-infected with SARS-CoV-2, and the control group, comprising those with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results A total of 905 (905/1025) patients were included in the study, with 407 in the observation group and 498 in the control group. The top three clinical symptoms in both groups were fever, cough with expectoration, and dizziness with fatigue (p < 0.001). The clinical classification of patients in the observation group primarily consisted of non-severe cases (p < 0.001). The proportion of hospitalized patients was lower in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.001). The observation group exhibited a shorter clinical symptom recovery time than that did the control group (median, 5 days vs. 7 days, Log rank p<0.001, HR = 1.907(95% CI 1.669–2.178). Conclusions Patients experiencing SARS-CoV-2 re-infection were primarily classified as non-severe cases, with lower proportions of occurrence of severe and rare critical conditions. The severity was milder compared to that in patients with primary SARS-CoV-2 infection.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10509-1SARS-CoV-2ReinfectionClinical characteristicsOmicron variant |
| spellingShingle | Chao-Chao Qiu Xiao-Qing Lin Qiang Zhang Ya-Long Chen Xiao-Qiao Su Ming-Ying Zhang Le-Fei Zhu Zhi-Ruo Lin Fang Cheng Shang-Ren Xie Ji-Chan Shi Xian-Gao Jiang Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China BMC Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Clinical characteristics Omicron variant |
| title | Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China |
| title_full | Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China |
| title_fullStr | Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China |
| title_short | Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China |
| title_sort | difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of sars cov 2 a retrospective study in china |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Clinical characteristics Omicron variant |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10509-1 |
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