Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Introduction: The sympathetic stress response due to pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgeries necessitates a balanced anaesthesia technique. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has emerged as a promising option. While intravenous (i.v.) DEX is well established in attenuating the haemodynamic stress response...

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Main Authors: Priyanka Gupta, Vandana Koul, Mayank Gupta, Subah Bharaj
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
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Online Access:https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/21104/76448_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_QC(PS_IS)_PF1(AG_KR)_PFA(IS)_PN(IS).pdf
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author Priyanka Gupta
Vandana Koul
Mayank Gupta
Subah Bharaj
author_facet Priyanka Gupta
Vandana Koul
Mayank Gupta
Subah Bharaj
author_sort Priyanka Gupta
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: The sympathetic stress response due to pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgeries necessitates a balanced anaesthesia technique. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has emerged as a promising option. While intravenous (i.v.) DEX is well established in attenuating the haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum, the Intranasal (IN) route remains underexplored for this purpose. Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of IN and i.v. DEX in attenuating the haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum. Materials and Methods: In this randomised triple-blind controlled trial which was conducted at Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. A total of 75 adults classified as American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II, scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgery, were randomly allocated to one of three groups (25 in each group): control, IN DEX (IN group), and i.v. DEX (i.v. group). DEX was administered at a dose of 1 μg/kg via the IN or i.v. route before induction. Heart Rate (HR) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) were monitored until 10 minutes postextubation at appropriate time intervals, along with preoperative sedation scores and any side-effects. All statistical calculations were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0 version (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) statistical program for Microsoft Windows. Results: Patients were comparable with respect to age (p-value=0.769), gender (p-value=0.321), and weight (p-value=0.672). HR and MAP were significantly lower in the IN and i.v. groups compared to the control group during pneumoperitoneum, but were comparable between the IN and i.v. groups. Both of these groups had better sedation scores compared to the control group. None of the groups experienced any significant side-effects. Conclusion: Both IN and i.v. DEX have similar efficacy and safety in alleviating the haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum. Side-effects such as bradycardia, hypotension, nausea, vomiting and shivering were comparable among the three groups. Both IN and i.v. DEX provided comparably satisfactory preoperative sedation, which was significantly better than that of the control group.
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spelling doaj-art-09879ebc70484f95bffb07e8bd67bc052025-08-20T03:20:55ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2025-06-01196UC23UC2810.7860/JCDR/2025/76448.21104Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled TrialPriyanka Gupta0Vandana Koul1Mayank Gupta2Subah Bharaj3Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Graphic Era Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Doon Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India.Consultant, Department of Anaesthesiology, GABA Hospital, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India.Introduction: The sympathetic stress response due to pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgeries necessitates a balanced anaesthesia technique. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has emerged as a promising option. While intravenous (i.v.) DEX is well established in attenuating the haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum, the Intranasal (IN) route remains underexplored for this purpose. Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of IN and i.v. DEX in attenuating the haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum. Materials and Methods: In this randomised triple-blind controlled trial which was conducted at Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. A total of 75 adults classified as American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II, scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgery, were randomly allocated to one of three groups (25 in each group): control, IN DEX (IN group), and i.v. DEX (i.v. group). DEX was administered at a dose of 1 μg/kg via the IN or i.v. route before induction. Heart Rate (HR) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) were monitored until 10 minutes postextubation at appropriate time intervals, along with preoperative sedation scores and any side-effects. All statistical calculations were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0 version (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) statistical program for Microsoft Windows. Results: Patients were comparable with respect to age (p-value=0.769), gender (p-value=0.321), and weight (p-value=0.672). HR and MAP were significantly lower in the IN and i.v. groups compared to the control group during pneumoperitoneum, but were comparable between the IN and i.v. groups. Both of these groups had better sedation scores compared to the control group. None of the groups experienced any significant side-effects. Conclusion: Both IN and i.v. DEX have similar efficacy and safety in alleviating the haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum. Side-effects such as bradycardia, hypotension, nausea, vomiting and shivering were comparable among the three groups. Both IN and i.v. DEX provided comparably satisfactory preoperative sedation, which was significantly better than that of the control group.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/21104/76448_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_QC(PS_IS)_PF1(AG_KR)_PFA(IS)_PN(IS).pdfalpha 2 agonistsbalanced anaesthesialaparoscopypneumoperitoneum
spellingShingle Priyanka Gupta
Vandana Koul
Mayank Gupta
Subah Bharaj
Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
alpha 2 agonists
balanced anaesthesia
laparoscopy
pneumoperitoneum
title Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial
title_full Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial
title_fullStr Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial
title_short Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Intravenous Dexmedetomidine as Premedication in Patients undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial
title_sort comparison of intranasal dexmedetomidine with intravenous dexmedetomidine as premedication in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia a randomised controlled trial
topic alpha 2 agonists
balanced anaesthesia
laparoscopy
pneumoperitoneum
url https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/21104/76448_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_QC(PS_IS)_PF1(AG_KR)_PFA(IS)_PN(IS).pdf
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