Emergent Haldane model and photon-valley locking in chiral cavities

Abstract Chirality, often connected with topology, plays a relevant role in both electronic and photonic systems. In this theoretical study, we demonstrate the potential use of quantum fluctuations in a chiral cavity to realize the electronic Haldane model—a model recognized for its pioneering natur...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Liu Yang, Qing-Dong Jiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Communications Physics
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02060-x
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Summary:Abstract Chirality, often connected with topology, plays a relevant role in both electronic and photonic systems. In this theoretical study, we demonstrate the potential use of quantum fluctuations in a chiral cavity to realize the electronic Haldane model—a model recognized for its pioneering nature yet posing challenges to be realized in materials. Through the recently developed asymptotically-decoupled framework, we derive the emergence of a staggered-flux gauge field resulting from strong light-matter coupling. We show that valley polarization can be achieved by breaking the inversion symmetry of cavity graphene under equilibrium conditions. Reciprocally, the topological properties of graphene could lead to distinct photon-valley locking, linked to the Berry curvatures at opposite valleys. Furthermore, we propose a way to characterize topological phase transitions by probing photons during interband transitions. Our findings highlight the potential of using cavity quantum fluctuations to engineer electronic and photonic properties specific to valleys and topologies, particularly within the realm of strong light-matter coupling.
ISSN:2399-3650