Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan
Abstract Background The incidence of allergic diseases has been increasing in Japan. In particular, a serious decline in the age of onset of allergic rhinitis has been observed. Passive smoking from parental smoking has a significant impact on children’s health; however, it is difficult to restrict...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-025-00952-9 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832594597420728320 |
|---|---|
| author | Kenji Shigehara Naomi Matsumoto Mitsuru Tsuge Kazuhiro Uda Yukie Saito Masato Yashiro Takashi Yorifuji Masanori Ikeda Hirokazu Tsukahara |
| author_facet | Kenji Shigehara Naomi Matsumoto Mitsuru Tsuge Kazuhiro Uda Yukie Saito Masato Yashiro Takashi Yorifuji Masanori Ikeda Hirokazu Tsukahara |
| author_sort | Kenji Shigehara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The incidence of allergic diseases has been increasing in Japan. In particular, a serious decline in the age of onset of allergic rhinitis has been observed. Passive smoking from parental smoking has a significant impact on children’s health; however, it is difficult to restrict smoking in the home. While various studies have previously reported on the relationship between passive smoking and the development of allergic diseases in children. However, there have been no reports on passive smoking and allergic diseases on a national scale. Methods Using Japanese national longitudinal survey data (n = 38,444) for newborns born between May 10 and 24, 2010, we assessed parental smoking habits when their children were 6 months old and investigated the association with the development of allergic diseases until the age of 5.5 years. The risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the development of different allergic diseases were analyzed after adjusting for potential confounders using Poisson regression with a robust error variance. Results The risk ratio for developing allergic rhinitis/allergic conjunctivitis (AR/AC) in children was significantly higher in the maternal smoking groups ( ≦ 10 cigarettes/day; RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02–1.30; ≧11 cigarettes/day; RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.93–1.44). Furthermore, associations were found between the maternal smoking group in the presence of paternal smoking and the risk of developing bronchial asthma ( ≦ 10, RR 1.33 95% CI 1.17–1.52; ≧11, RR 1.71 95% CI 1.38–2.1), food allergy ( ≦ 10, RR 1.36 95% CI 1.12–1.63; ≧11, RR 1.25 95% CI 0.84–1.86), atopic dermatitis ( ≦ 10, RR 1.42 95% CI 1.22–1.66; ≧11, RR 1.6 95% CI 1.2–2.13), and AR/AC ( ≦ 10, RR 1.21 95% CI 1.07–1.36; ≧11, RR 1.35 95% CI 1.09–1.67). Conclusions Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of developing AR/AC in children. Considering paternal smoking, maternal smoking further increased the risk of developing allergic diseases in children, suggesting that reducing parental smoking at home may reduce the risk of developing allergic diseases in children. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-092c9e0978f54105835294a05dee0c56 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1710-1492 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-092c9e0978f54105835294a05dee0c562025-01-19T12:27:18ZengBMCAllergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology1710-14922025-01-012111810.1186/s13223-025-00952-9Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in JapanKenji Shigehara0Naomi Matsumoto1Mitsuru Tsuge2Kazuhiro Uda3Yukie Saito4Masato Yashiro5Takashi Yorifuji6Masanori Ikeda7Hirokazu Tsukahara8Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pediatric Acute Diseases, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pediatrics, Okayama University HospitalDepartment of Pediatrics, Okayama University HospitalDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pediatrics, Okayama University HospitalDepartment of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesAbstract Background The incidence of allergic diseases has been increasing in Japan. In particular, a serious decline in the age of onset of allergic rhinitis has been observed. Passive smoking from parental smoking has a significant impact on children’s health; however, it is difficult to restrict smoking in the home. While various studies have previously reported on the relationship between passive smoking and the development of allergic diseases in children. However, there have been no reports on passive smoking and allergic diseases on a national scale. Methods Using Japanese national longitudinal survey data (n = 38,444) for newborns born between May 10 and 24, 2010, we assessed parental smoking habits when their children were 6 months old and investigated the association with the development of allergic diseases until the age of 5.5 years. The risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the development of different allergic diseases were analyzed after adjusting for potential confounders using Poisson regression with a robust error variance. Results The risk ratio for developing allergic rhinitis/allergic conjunctivitis (AR/AC) in children was significantly higher in the maternal smoking groups ( ≦ 10 cigarettes/day; RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02–1.30; ≧11 cigarettes/day; RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.93–1.44). Furthermore, associations were found between the maternal smoking group in the presence of paternal smoking and the risk of developing bronchial asthma ( ≦ 10, RR 1.33 95% CI 1.17–1.52; ≧11, RR 1.71 95% CI 1.38–2.1), food allergy ( ≦ 10, RR 1.36 95% CI 1.12–1.63; ≧11, RR 1.25 95% CI 0.84–1.86), atopic dermatitis ( ≦ 10, RR 1.42 95% CI 1.22–1.66; ≧11, RR 1.6 95% CI 1.2–2.13), and AR/AC ( ≦ 10, RR 1.21 95% CI 1.07–1.36; ≧11, RR 1.35 95% CI 1.09–1.67). Conclusions Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of developing AR/AC in children. Considering paternal smoking, maternal smoking further increased the risk of developing allergic diseases in children, suggesting that reducing parental smoking at home may reduce the risk of developing allergic diseases in children.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-025-00952-9Allergic rhinitisBronchial asthmaAtopic dermatitisNational cohort studyPassive smoking |
| spellingShingle | Kenji Shigehara Naomi Matsumoto Mitsuru Tsuge Kazuhiro Uda Yukie Saito Masato Yashiro Takashi Yorifuji Masanori Ikeda Hirokazu Tsukahara Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology Allergic rhinitis Bronchial asthma Atopic dermatitis National cohort study Passive smoking |
| title | Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan |
| title_full | Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan |
| title_fullStr | Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan |
| title_short | Maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children: a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan |
| title_sort | maternal smoking during infancy increases the risk of allergic diseases in children a nationwide longitudinal survey in japan |
| topic | Allergic rhinitis Bronchial asthma Atopic dermatitis National cohort study Passive smoking |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-025-00952-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kenjishigehara maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT naomimatsumoto maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT mitsurutsuge maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT kazuhirouda maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT yukiesaito maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT masatoyashiro maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT takashiyorifuji maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT masanoriikeda maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan AT hirokazutsukahara maternalsmokingduringinfancyincreasestheriskofallergicdiseasesinchildrenanationwidelongitudinalsurveyinjapan |