Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case report
Abstract Background Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital cardiovascular anomaly characterized by aortic narrowing, typically presenting in early life. This report describes an exceptionally rare case of severe abdominal aortic coarctation with extensive collateral vessel formation in an asymptom...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Medical Case Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-025-05282-3 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849726141563142144 |
|---|---|
| author | Zhiwei Zhong Weimin Zhou |
| author_facet | Zhiwei Zhong Weimin Zhou |
| author_sort | Zhiwei Zhong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital cardiovascular anomaly characterized by aortic narrowing, typically presenting in early life. This report describes an exceptionally rare case of severe abdominal aortic coarctation with extensive collateral vessel formation in an asymptomatic 80-year-old male, underscoring the importance of recognizing delayed presentations and compensatory mechanisms. This report describes a case of severe abdominal aortic narrowing and significant compensatory dilatation of visceral arteries in an elderly male, along with a review of pertinent literature. Case presentation An 80-year-old Han Chinese male with a 10-year history of hypertension controlled with medical management (maximum blood pressure 150/90 mmHg) was incidentally diagnosed with near-occlusion of the upper abdominal aorta during routine physical examination. Computed tomography angiography revealed severe stenosis of the abdominal aorta measuring 7 mm in diameter at its narrowest segment, accompanied by marked compensatory dilatation of the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and celiac arteries (maximum diameter: 1.4 cm), forming extensive collaterals. Physical examination showed preserved dorsalis pedis pulses and no symptoms of ischemia. Given his asymptomatic status, advanced age, and robust collateral circulation, conservative management with ongoing surveillance was pursued. Conclusion This case illustrates the potential for advanced coarctation of the aorta to remain asymptomatic in elderly patients owing to compensatory vascular adaptation. It highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion in patients with hypertension and individualized management strategies balancing risks of intervention against natural history. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-092b2925d73b4de3808da242fe294be2 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1752-1947 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Medical Case Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-092b2925d73b4de3808da242fe294be22025-08-20T03:10:17ZengBMCJournal of Medical Case Reports1752-19472025-05-011911510.1186/s13256-025-05282-3Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case reportZhiwei Zhong0Weimin Zhou1Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityDepartment of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityAbstract Background Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital cardiovascular anomaly characterized by aortic narrowing, typically presenting in early life. This report describes an exceptionally rare case of severe abdominal aortic coarctation with extensive collateral vessel formation in an asymptomatic 80-year-old male, underscoring the importance of recognizing delayed presentations and compensatory mechanisms. This report describes a case of severe abdominal aortic narrowing and significant compensatory dilatation of visceral arteries in an elderly male, along with a review of pertinent literature. Case presentation An 80-year-old Han Chinese male with a 10-year history of hypertension controlled with medical management (maximum blood pressure 150/90 mmHg) was incidentally diagnosed with near-occlusion of the upper abdominal aorta during routine physical examination. Computed tomography angiography revealed severe stenosis of the abdominal aorta measuring 7 mm in diameter at its narrowest segment, accompanied by marked compensatory dilatation of the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and celiac arteries (maximum diameter: 1.4 cm), forming extensive collaterals. Physical examination showed preserved dorsalis pedis pulses and no symptoms of ischemia. Given his asymptomatic status, advanced age, and robust collateral circulation, conservative management with ongoing surveillance was pursued. Conclusion This case illustrates the potential for advanced coarctation of the aorta to remain asymptomatic in elderly patients owing to compensatory vascular adaptation. It highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion in patients with hypertension and individualized management strategies balancing risks of intervention against natural history.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-025-05282-3Aortic coarctationCongenital heart diseaseVascular dilationMortality ratesCase report |
| spellingShingle | Zhiwei Zhong Weimin Zhou Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case report Journal of Medical Case Reports Aortic coarctation Congenital heart disease Vascular dilation Mortality rates Case report |
| title | Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case report |
| title_full | Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case report |
| title_short | Extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta: a case report |
| title_sort | extreme compensatory dilatation of the splanchnic artery caused by congenital coarctation of the abdominal aorta a case report |
| topic | Aortic coarctation Congenital heart disease Vascular dilation Mortality rates Case report |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-025-05282-3 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhiweizhong extremecompensatorydilatationofthesplanchnicarterycausedbycongenitalcoarctationoftheabdominalaortaacasereport AT weiminzhou extremecompensatorydilatationofthesplanchnicarterycausedbycongenitalcoarctationoftheabdominalaortaacasereport |