Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to Contaminants

Seafood plays a vital role in human diets worldwide, serving as an important source of high-quality protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and essential vitamins and minerals that promote health and prevent various chronic conditions. The health benefits of seafood consumption are well documented, including...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bettina Taylor, Kelvin Fynn Ofori, Ali Parsaeimehr, Gulsun Akdemir Evrendilek, Tahera Attarwala, Gulnihal Ozbay
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/9/1461
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850137669911183360
author Bettina Taylor
Kelvin Fynn Ofori
Ali Parsaeimehr
Gulsun Akdemir Evrendilek
Tahera Attarwala
Gulnihal Ozbay
author_facet Bettina Taylor
Kelvin Fynn Ofori
Ali Parsaeimehr
Gulsun Akdemir Evrendilek
Tahera Attarwala
Gulnihal Ozbay
author_sort Bettina Taylor
collection DOAJ
description Seafood plays a vital role in human diets worldwide, serving as an important source of high-quality protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and essential vitamins and minerals that promote health and prevent various chronic conditions. The health benefits of seafood consumption are well documented, including a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, improved cognitive function, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the safety of seafood is compromised by multiple hazards that can pose significant health risks. Pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, in addition to microbial metabolites, are prominent causes of the foodborne diseases linked to seafood consumption, necessitating reliable detection and monitoring systems. Molecular biology and digital techniques have emerged as essential tools for the rapid and accurate identification of these foodborne pathogens, enhancing seafood safety protocols. Additionally, the presence of chemical contaminants such as heavy metals (e.g., mercury and lead), microplastics, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in seafood is of increasing concern due to their potential to accumulate in the food chain and adversely affect human health. The biogenic amines formed during the microbial degradation of the proteins and allergens present in certain seafood species also contribute to food safety challenges. This review aims to address the nutritional value and health-promoting effects of seafood while exploring the multifaceted risks associated with microbial contamination, chemical pollutants, and naturally occurring substances. Emphasis is placed on enhanced surveillance, seafood traceability, sustainable aquaculture practices, and regulatory harmonization as effective strategies for controlling the risks associated with seafood consumption and thereby contributing to a safer seafood supply chain.
format Article
id doaj-art-090748b79f7d49ac89aa5a74b230a2de
institution OA Journals
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-090748b79f7d49ac89aa5a74b230a2de2025-08-20T02:30:46ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-04-01149146110.3390/foods14091461Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to ContaminantsBettina Taylor0Kelvin Fynn Ofori1Ali Parsaeimehr2Gulsun Akdemir Evrendilek3Tahera Attarwala4Gulnihal Ozbay5Human Ecology Department, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USAIntegrative PhD Program in Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Science and Technology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USADepartment of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USACooperative Extension, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USADepartment of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USAHuman Ecology Department, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USASeafood plays a vital role in human diets worldwide, serving as an important source of high-quality protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and essential vitamins and minerals that promote health and prevent various chronic conditions. The health benefits of seafood consumption are well documented, including a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, improved cognitive function, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the safety of seafood is compromised by multiple hazards that can pose significant health risks. Pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, in addition to microbial metabolites, are prominent causes of the foodborne diseases linked to seafood consumption, necessitating reliable detection and monitoring systems. Molecular biology and digital techniques have emerged as essential tools for the rapid and accurate identification of these foodborne pathogens, enhancing seafood safety protocols. Additionally, the presence of chemical contaminants such as heavy metals (e.g., mercury and lead), microplastics, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in seafood is of increasing concern due to their potential to accumulate in the food chain and adversely affect human health. The biogenic amines formed during the microbial degradation of the proteins and allergens present in certain seafood species also contribute to food safety challenges. This review aims to address the nutritional value and health-promoting effects of seafood while exploring the multifaceted risks associated with microbial contamination, chemical pollutants, and naturally occurring substances. Emphasis is placed on enhanced surveillance, seafood traceability, sustainable aquaculture practices, and regulatory harmonization as effective strategies for controlling the risks associated with seafood consumption and thereby contributing to a safer seafood supply chain.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/9/1461seafoodnutritional benefitsfoodborne diseasesfood safety
spellingShingle Bettina Taylor
Kelvin Fynn Ofori
Ali Parsaeimehr
Gulsun Akdemir Evrendilek
Tahera Attarwala
Gulnihal Ozbay
Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to Contaminants
Foods
seafood
nutritional benefits
foodborne diseases
food safety
title Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to Contaminants
title_full Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to Contaminants
title_fullStr Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to Contaminants
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to Contaminants
title_short Exploring the Complexities of Seafood: From Benefits to Contaminants
title_sort exploring the complexities of seafood from benefits to contaminants
topic seafood
nutritional benefits
foodborne diseases
food safety
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/9/1461
work_keys_str_mv AT bettinataylor exploringthecomplexitiesofseafoodfrombenefitstocontaminants
AT kelvinfynnofori exploringthecomplexitiesofseafoodfrombenefitstocontaminants
AT aliparsaeimehr exploringthecomplexitiesofseafoodfrombenefitstocontaminants
AT gulsunakdemirevrendilek exploringthecomplexitiesofseafoodfrombenefitstocontaminants
AT taheraattarwala exploringthecomplexitiesofseafoodfrombenefitstocontaminants
AT gulnihalozbay exploringthecomplexitiesofseafoodfrombenefitstocontaminants