The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese Subjects
Background and objectives: In recent years, the role of chronotype in obesity has been hypothesised, as subjects with an evening chronotype showed worse eating habits. However, the results are still limited and conflicting. The aim of the study is therefore to assess differences in body composition,...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| author | Sofia Lotti Monica Dinu Marta Tristan Asensi Giuditta Pagliai Antonia Napoletano Barbara Colombini Francesco Sofi |
| author_facet | Sofia Lotti Monica Dinu Marta Tristan Asensi Giuditta Pagliai Antonia Napoletano Barbara Colombini Francesco Sofi |
| author_sort | Sofia Lotti |
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| description | Background and objectives: In recent years, the role of chronotype in obesity has been hypothesised, as subjects with an evening chronotype showed worse eating habits. However, the results are still limited and conflicting. The aim of the study is therefore to assess differences in body composition, eating habits and cardiometabolic parameters according to chronotype in a sample of overweight/obese subjects. Methods: Overweight/obese subjects (BMI > 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) aged 18–65 years were recruited at the Clinical Nutrition Unit of Careggi University Hospital, Florence, from March to April 2023. The chronotype was defined through the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Each participant underwent a body composition and a blood sampling. Information on eating habits was collected with a food frequency questionnaire and a 3-day food diary. Results: The study population consisted of 51 overweight/obese subjects (71% women; 29% men) with a mean age of 50.3 ± 13.5 years and a mean BMI of 29.4 ± 4.3. Based on the MEQ score, 13 participants had an evening chronotype (26%) and 38 (74%) a morning chronotype. No significant differences in weight and body composition according to chronotype were observed. However, differences emerged for eating habits, with a significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher number of evening subjects reported to consume sweets, soft drinks and fast food. Analysis of the food diaries showed that evening subjects had a significantly higher intake of daily calories (1867.6 ± 434. vs. 1612.2 ± 538.5 kcal/day), fat (78.2 ± 20.9 vs. 65.4 ± 23.8 g/day) and carbohydrates (226.1 ± 47.5 vs. 186.3 ± 77.6 g/day). The analysis of cardiometabolic risk circulating parameters showed that evening subjects had significantly lower folate values (4.69 ± 2.1 vs. 8.25 ± 6.36 ng/mL) than morning subjects, as well as significantly lower vitamin B12 values (349.6 ± 132.3 vs. 445.5 ± 144.5 pg/mL). Discussion: Evening subjects had worse eating habits and a higher intake of total daily calories, fat and carbohydrates, and also reported significantly lower values of folic acid and vitamin B12. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-08d9682e9d9a4aa5a570c67909b3714a2025-08-20T03:44:00ZengMDPI AGProceedings2504-39002024-02-0191131210.3390/proceedings2023091312The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese SubjectsSofia Lotti0Monica Dinu1Marta Tristan Asensi2Giuditta Pagliai3Antonia Napoletano4Barbara Colombini5Francesco Sofi6Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyBackground and objectives: In recent years, the role of chronotype in obesity has been hypothesised, as subjects with an evening chronotype showed worse eating habits. However, the results are still limited and conflicting. The aim of the study is therefore to assess differences in body composition, eating habits and cardiometabolic parameters according to chronotype in a sample of overweight/obese subjects. Methods: Overweight/obese subjects (BMI > 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) aged 18–65 years were recruited at the Clinical Nutrition Unit of Careggi University Hospital, Florence, from March to April 2023. The chronotype was defined through the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Each participant underwent a body composition and a blood sampling. Information on eating habits was collected with a food frequency questionnaire and a 3-day food diary. Results: The study population consisted of 51 overweight/obese subjects (71% women; 29% men) with a mean age of 50.3 ± 13.5 years and a mean BMI of 29.4 ± 4.3. Based on the MEQ score, 13 participants had an evening chronotype (26%) and 38 (74%) a morning chronotype. No significant differences in weight and body composition according to chronotype were observed. However, differences emerged for eating habits, with a significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher number of evening subjects reported to consume sweets, soft drinks and fast food. Analysis of the food diaries showed that evening subjects had a significantly higher intake of daily calories (1867.6 ± 434. vs. 1612.2 ± 538.5 kcal/day), fat (78.2 ± 20.9 vs. 65.4 ± 23.8 g/day) and carbohydrates (226.1 ± 47.5 vs. 186.3 ± 77.6 g/day). The analysis of cardiometabolic risk circulating parameters showed that evening subjects had significantly lower folate values (4.69 ± 2.1 vs. 8.25 ± 6.36 ng/mL) than morning subjects, as well as significantly lower vitamin B12 values (349.6 ± 132.3 vs. 445.5 ± 144.5 pg/mL). Discussion: Evening subjects had worse eating habits and a higher intake of total daily calories, fat and carbohydrates, and also reported significantly lower values of folic acid and vitamin B12.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/91/1/312obesitychrono-nutritionchronotypedietary habitscardiovascular risk |
| spellingShingle | Sofia Lotti Monica Dinu Marta Tristan Asensi Giuditta Pagliai Antonia Napoletano Barbara Colombini Francesco Sofi The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese Subjects Proceedings obesity chrono-nutrition chronotype dietary habits cardiovascular risk |
| title | The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese Subjects |
| title_full | The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese Subjects |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese Subjects |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese Subjects |
| title_short | The Role of Chronotype on Body Composition, Eating Habits and Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters in a Sample of Overweight/Obese Subjects |
| title_sort | role of chronotype on body composition eating habits and cardiometabolic risk parameters in a sample of overweight obese subjects |
| topic | obesity chrono-nutrition chronotype dietary habits cardiovascular risk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/91/1/312 |
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