Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018
Abstract This study investigated the relationship between the frailty index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with depression. We recruited 2,669 participants with depression from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 and quantified thei...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87691-4 |
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| author | Xiaoqiang Liu Yubin Wang Yingxuan Huang Chanchan Lin Boming Xu Yilin Zeng Peizhong Chen Xiaobo Liu Yisen Huang |
| author_facet | Xiaoqiang Liu Yubin Wang Yingxuan Huang Chanchan Lin Boming Xu Yilin Zeng Peizhong Chen Xiaobo Liu Yisen Huang |
| author_sort | Xiaoqiang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study investigated the relationship between the frailty index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with depression. We recruited 2,669 participants with depression from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 and quantified their frailty status using a 53-item frailty index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The median (IQR) frailty score was 0.3 (0.2, 0.4). During a median follow-up of 7.1 years, 342 all-cause deaths (including 85 cardiovascular deaths and 70 cancer deaths) were recorded. Compared to the lowest frailty index tertile, the adjusted HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality in the highest tertile was 2.91 (1.97, 4.3), for cardiovascular mortality was 3.13 (1.37, 7.19), and for cancer mortality was 2.3 (1.05, 5.03). Each unit increase in the frailty index (log-transformed) was associated with a 241% increase in all-cause mortality (P < 0.001), a 233% increase in cardiovascular mortality (P < 0.001), and a 185% increase in cancer mortality (P < 0.001). These results were consistent across analyses stratified by age, gender, race, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. This study suggests that the frailty index is positively associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with depression. The frailty index could serve as a prognostic indicator, and frailty interventions should be an important part of managing patients with depression. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-08ccc40f699c44daa9b41c0ad4339121 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-08ccc40f699c44daa9b41c0ad43391212025-02-02T12:18:13ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-87691-4Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018Xiaoqiang Liu0Yubin Wang1Yingxuan Huang2Chanchan Lin3Boming Xu4Yilin Zeng5Peizhong Chen6Xiaobo Liu7Yisen Huang8Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityAbstract This study investigated the relationship between the frailty index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with depression. We recruited 2,669 participants with depression from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 and quantified their frailty status using a 53-item frailty index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The median (IQR) frailty score was 0.3 (0.2, 0.4). During a median follow-up of 7.1 years, 342 all-cause deaths (including 85 cardiovascular deaths and 70 cancer deaths) were recorded. Compared to the lowest frailty index tertile, the adjusted HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality in the highest tertile was 2.91 (1.97, 4.3), for cardiovascular mortality was 3.13 (1.37, 7.19), and for cancer mortality was 2.3 (1.05, 5.03). Each unit increase in the frailty index (log-transformed) was associated with a 241% increase in all-cause mortality (P < 0.001), a 233% increase in cardiovascular mortality (P < 0.001), and a 185% increase in cancer mortality (P < 0.001). These results were consistent across analyses stratified by age, gender, race, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. This study suggests that the frailty index is positively associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with depression. The frailty index could serve as a prognostic indicator, and frailty interventions should be an important part of managing patients with depression.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87691-4Frailty indexMortalityDepressionNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoqiang Liu Yubin Wang Yingxuan Huang Chanchan Lin Boming Xu Yilin Zeng Peizhong Chen Xiaobo Liu Yisen Huang Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018 Scientific Reports Frailty index Mortality Depression NHANES |
| title | Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018 |
| title_full | Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018 |
| title_fullStr | Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018 |
| title_short | Association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients: results from NHANES 2005–2018 |
| title_sort | association between frailty index and mortality in depressed patients results from nhanes 2005 2018 |
| topic | Frailty index Mortality Depression NHANES |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87691-4 |
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