Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbidities
Introduction: Patients with underlying diseases do not respond adequately to vaccines. Thus, continued research on the effects of vaccination in patients with comorbidities is crucial to evaluate the necessity of vaccination in this population. This study assessed the protective effects of inactiva...
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18128 |
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| author | Hao Zhang Hua-Fang Yan Wu-Jun Xiong Li-Li Gao |
| author_facet | Hao Zhang Hua-Fang Yan Wu-Jun Xiong Li-Li Gao |
| author_sort | Hao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction: Patients with underlying diseases do not respond adequately to vaccines. Thus, continued research on the effects of vaccination in patients with comorbidities is crucial to evaluate the necessity of vaccination in this population. This study assessed the protective effects of inactivated vaccines on the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with comorbidities.
Methodology: A real-world retrospective cohort study was conducted from April 7, 2022, to June 6, 2022, at the Fudan University Pudong Medical Center. The collected data included demographic characteristics, symptoms, clinical severity, and outcomes of the COVID-19 patients.
Results: A total of 3,996 indigenous confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections with the Omicron variant were enrolled. Of these, 1322 (33.1%) patients had chronic comorbidities. Compared to others, COVID-19 patients with comorbidities were older, had lower vaccination rates, longer days of nucleic acid conversion and hospitalization, and a higher incidence of severe-critical illness and composite endpoint. Multivariable analyses suggested that in the comorbidity group, two-dose- (odds ratio [OR] 0.38, 95% CI 0.24–0.60; OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.08–0.51) and three-dose vaccinated patients (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14–0.47; OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08–0.58) had a lower risk of aggravation and the composite endpoint; similar results were observed in the non-comorbidity group.
Conclusion: Two or more doses of inactivated vaccines could prevent deterioration and poor prognosis in Omicron-infected patients, regardless of the presence of an underlying disease. Our findings support maximizing coverage with inactivated vaccines in highly vaccinated populations, such as those in China.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-08a0525ffc5d40108b982acfbd353f0d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-08a0525ffc5d40108b982acfbd353f0d2025-08-20T02:57:13ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802024-09-01180910.3855/jidc.18128Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbiditiesHao Zhang0Hua-Fang Yan1Wu-Jun Xiong2Li-Li Gao3Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, ChinaDepartment of Health Examination, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China Introduction: Patients with underlying diseases do not respond adequately to vaccines. Thus, continued research on the effects of vaccination in patients with comorbidities is crucial to evaluate the necessity of vaccination in this population. This study assessed the protective effects of inactivated vaccines on the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with comorbidities. Methodology: A real-world retrospective cohort study was conducted from April 7, 2022, to June 6, 2022, at the Fudan University Pudong Medical Center. The collected data included demographic characteristics, symptoms, clinical severity, and outcomes of the COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 3,996 indigenous confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections with the Omicron variant were enrolled. Of these, 1322 (33.1%) patients had chronic comorbidities. Compared to others, COVID-19 patients with comorbidities were older, had lower vaccination rates, longer days of nucleic acid conversion and hospitalization, and a higher incidence of severe-critical illness and composite endpoint. Multivariable analyses suggested that in the comorbidity group, two-dose- (odds ratio [OR] 0.38, 95% CI 0.24–0.60; OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.08–0.51) and three-dose vaccinated patients (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14–0.47; OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08–0.58) had a lower risk of aggravation and the composite endpoint; similar results were observed in the non-comorbidity group. Conclusion: Two or more doses of inactivated vaccines could prevent deterioration and poor prognosis in Omicron-infected patients, regardless of the presence of an underlying disease. Our findings support maximizing coverage with inactivated vaccines in highly vaccinated populations, such as those in China. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18128COVID-19omicron variantvaccinationcomorbidityseverityprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Hao Zhang Hua-Fang Yan Wu-Jun Xiong Li-Li Gao Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbidities Journal of Infection in Developing Countries COVID-19 omicron variant vaccination comorbidity severity prognosis |
| title | Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbidities |
| title_full | Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbidities |
| title_fullStr | Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbidities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbidities |
| title_short | Real-world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on COVID-19 patients with comorbidities |
| title_sort | real world effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on covid 19 patients with comorbidities |
| topic | COVID-19 omicron variant vaccination comorbidity severity prognosis |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18128 |
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