Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial Activities

It is well recognized that heterocyclic compounds have exceptional biomedical applications, which has led scientists to become increasingly interested in their use in this field in the recent past. It is the aim of this study, using a multistep method based on thiazolidinone derivative synthesis, to...

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Main Authors: Uzma Jehangir, Shoaib Khan, Rafaqat Hussain, Yousaf Khan, Farhan Ali, Asma Sardar, Samina Aslam, Mozhgan Afshari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-01-01
Series:Journal of Chemistry
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8426930
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author Uzma Jehangir
Shoaib Khan
Rafaqat Hussain
Yousaf Khan
Farhan Ali
Asma Sardar
Samina Aslam
Mozhgan Afshari
author_facet Uzma Jehangir
Shoaib Khan
Rafaqat Hussain
Yousaf Khan
Farhan Ali
Asma Sardar
Samina Aslam
Mozhgan Afshari
author_sort Uzma Jehangir
collection DOAJ
description It is well recognized that heterocyclic compounds have exceptional biomedical applications, which has led scientists to become increasingly interested in their use in this field in the recent past. It is the aim of this study, using a multistep method based on thiazolidinone derivative synthesis, to synthesize thiazolidinone derivatives derived from pyrazine molecules (1–12). As a result of analyzing 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HREI-MS data, the structures of these derivatives were determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these drugs was also determined alongside the donepezil (IC50 = 10.10 ± 0.10 µM) to determine their potential as anti-Alzheimer agents. Among the screened derivatives, 1 (IC50 = 4.10 ± 0.20 µM), 2 (IC50 = 2.20 ± 0.20 µM), 4 (IC50 = 2.30 ± 0.20 µM), 5 (IC50 = 5.80 ± 0.30 µM), 6 (IC50 = 6.30 ± 0.20 µM), 8 (IC50 = 5.20 ± 0.10 µM), 9 (IC50 = 5.20 ± 0.40 µM), 10 (IC50 = 8.30 ± 0.40 µM), and 11 (IC50 = 8.10 ± 0.70 µM) showed potent activity. In addition, the synthesized moieties were screened against E. coli to determine whether there were any antimicrobial properties. It was found that most of the compounds were more potent inhibitors of bacterial growth in comparison to streptomycin, the reference drug. There have been several molecular docking experiments conducted to gain a deeper understanding of how these compounds interact with the active sites of enzymes to gain a greater understanding of their functional mechanisms.
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spelling doaj-art-086a86e28f6c4beba2fb7fd1032067f42025-08-20T02:01:34ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90712024-01-01202410.1155/2024/8426930Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial ActivitiesUzma Jehangir0Shoaib Khan1Rafaqat Hussain2Yousaf Khan3Farhan Ali4Asma Sardar5Samina Aslam6Mozhgan Afshari7Department of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryIt is well recognized that heterocyclic compounds have exceptional biomedical applications, which has led scientists to become increasingly interested in their use in this field in the recent past. It is the aim of this study, using a multistep method based on thiazolidinone derivative synthesis, to synthesize thiazolidinone derivatives derived from pyrazine molecules (1–12). As a result of analyzing 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HREI-MS data, the structures of these derivatives were determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these drugs was also determined alongside the donepezil (IC50 = 10.10 ± 0.10 µM) to determine their potential as anti-Alzheimer agents. Among the screened derivatives, 1 (IC50 = 4.10 ± 0.20 µM), 2 (IC50 = 2.20 ± 0.20 µM), 4 (IC50 = 2.30 ± 0.20 µM), 5 (IC50 = 5.80 ± 0.30 µM), 6 (IC50 = 6.30 ± 0.20 µM), 8 (IC50 = 5.20 ± 0.10 µM), 9 (IC50 = 5.20 ± 0.40 µM), 10 (IC50 = 8.30 ± 0.40 µM), and 11 (IC50 = 8.10 ± 0.70 µM) showed potent activity. In addition, the synthesized moieties were screened against E. coli to determine whether there were any antimicrobial properties. It was found that most of the compounds were more potent inhibitors of bacterial growth in comparison to streptomycin, the reference drug. There have been several molecular docking experiments conducted to gain a deeper understanding of how these compounds interact with the active sites of enzymes to gain a greater understanding of their functional mechanisms.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8426930
spellingShingle Uzma Jehangir
Shoaib Khan
Rafaqat Hussain
Yousaf Khan
Farhan Ali
Asma Sardar
Samina Aslam
Mozhgan Afshari
Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial Activities
Journal of Chemistry
title Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial Activities
title_full Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial Activities
title_fullStr Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial Activities
title_full_unstemmed Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial Activities
title_short Development of Thiazolidinone-Based Pyrazine Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Bioevaluation for Anti-Alzheimer and Antibacterial Activities
title_sort development of thiazolidinone based pyrazine derivatives synthesis molecular docking simulation and bioevaluation for anti alzheimer and antibacterial activities
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8426930
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