Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Body temperature (BT) monitoring is critical for the management of critically ill patients, and numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormal BT in ICU patients is linked to adverse outcomes. However, evidence regarding the association between admission BT and 28-day mortality in pediatr...

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Main Authors: Jie Chang, Liping Liu, Zhiying Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93862-0
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author Jie Chang
Liping Liu
Zhiying Han
author_facet Jie Chang
Liping Liu
Zhiying Han
author_sort Jie Chang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Body temperature (BT) monitoring is critical for the management of critically ill patients, and numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormal BT in ICU patients is linked to adverse outcomes. However, evidence regarding the association between admission BT and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients is limited. This study aims to clarify the association between admission BT and 28-day mortality in critically ill pediatric patients. This retrospective analysis utilized the pediatric intensive care (PIC) database, comprising 7,350 patients. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, while 90-day mortality and in-hospital mortality were assessed as secondary outcomes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and smooth curve fitting were used to evaluate the relationship between BT and mortality. Ultimately, the 28-day mortality rate in the PICU was 3.5%. Severe hypothermia (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.35–2.63) and severe hyperthermia (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.28–3.05) were identified as independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. Curve fitting analysis indicated a U-shaped correlation between BT and 28-day mortality (inflection point = 37.2 °C). Therefore, we conclude that the severity of temperature abnormalities at admission, whether hypothermia or hyperthermia, is directly associated with an increased risk of mortality in pediatric patients.
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spelling doaj-art-0861bfd3ba7e4c87a23d09e3282c69d82025-08-20T02:51:24ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-93862-0Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort studyJie Chang0Liping Liu1Zhiying Han2Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Shanxi Provincial Children’s Hospital (Shanxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital)Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical UniversityAbstract Body temperature (BT) monitoring is critical for the management of critically ill patients, and numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormal BT in ICU patients is linked to adverse outcomes. However, evidence regarding the association between admission BT and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients is limited. This study aims to clarify the association between admission BT and 28-day mortality in critically ill pediatric patients. This retrospective analysis utilized the pediatric intensive care (PIC) database, comprising 7,350 patients. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, while 90-day mortality and in-hospital mortality were assessed as secondary outcomes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and smooth curve fitting were used to evaluate the relationship between BT and mortality. Ultimately, the 28-day mortality rate in the PICU was 3.5%. Severe hypothermia (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.35–2.63) and severe hyperthermia (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.28–3.05) were identified as independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. Curve fitting analysis indicated a U-shaped correlation between BT and 28-day mortality (inflection point = 37.2 °C). Therefore, we conclude that the severity of temperature abnormalities at admission, whether hypothermia or hyperthermia, is directly associated with an increased risk of mortality in pediatric patients.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93862-0Intensive care unitsPediatricRisk factors
spellingShingle Jie Chang
Liping Liu
Zhiying Han
Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study
Scientific Reports
Intensive care units
Pediatric
Risk factors
title Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study
title_full Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study
title_short Association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients: a retrospective cohort study
title_sort association between hypothermia and hyperthermia and 28 day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit patients a retrospective cohort study
topic Intensive care units
Pediatric
Risk factors
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93862-0
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