Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy
Thyroid gland size increases during pregnancy due to physiological changes. 2–3% of pregnancies, a thyroid nodule (TN) may either newly develop or an existing one may increase in size. Factors such as age, parity, and iodine status can influence the development of TN. Surveillance of TN in pregnancy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Gynecological Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/09513590.2025.2517878 |
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| author | Sanja Medenica Durairaj Arjunan Violeta Mladenovic Nikola Zankovic Slavica Aksam Zoran Gluvic Pinaki Dutta |
| author_facet | Sanja Medenica Durairaj Arjunan Violeta Mladenovic Nikola Zankovic Slavica Aksam Zoran Gluvic Pinaki Dutta |
| author_sort | Sanja Medenica |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thyroid gland size increases during pregnancy due to physiological changes. 2–3% of pregnancies, a thyroid nodule (TN) may either newly develop or an existing one may increase in size. Factors such as age, parity, and iodine status can influence the development of TN. Surveillance of TN in pregnancy is essentially similar to that of the general population as it is contraindicated. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be delayed until after delivery unless malignancy is suspected. Surgery is reserved for severe cases, those with rapid growth, or those with suspicious features. Surgery is typically performed during the second trimester. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer during pregnancy, which ranks second among cancers affecting pregnant women. Given the challenges involved, the prognosis is still favorable, have minimal impact on survival rates or recurrence. Treatment guidelines suggest regular monitoring of TSH and thyroid ultrasound (TUS), ensuring careful management of TC, especially in cases of aggressive. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-08509dc1c98045d784de5ab27d16e974 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0951-3590 1473-0766 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gynecological Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-08509dc1c98045d784de5ab27d16e9742025-08-20T03:21:12ZengTaylor & Francis GroupGynecological Endocrinology0951-35901473-07662025-12-0141110.1080/09513590.2025.2517878Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancySanja Medenica0Durairaj Arjunan1Violeta Mladenovic2Nikola Zankovic3Slavica Aksam4Zoran Gluvic5Pinaki Dutta6Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, MontenegroDepartment of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IndiaClinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, SerbiaDepartment of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, MontenegroClinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, SerbiaDivision of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IndiaThyroid gland size increases during pregnancy due to physiological changes. 2–3% of pregnancies, a thyroid nodule (TN) may either newly develop or an existing one may increase in size. Factors such as age, parity, and iodine status can influence the development of TN. Surveillance of TN in pregnancy is essentially similar to that of the general population as it is contraindicated. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be delayed until after delivery unless malignancy is suspected. Surgery is reserved for severe cases, those with rapid growth, or those with suspicious features. Surgery is typically performed during the second trimester. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer during pregnancy, which ranks second among cancers affecting pregnant women. Given the challenges involved, the prognosis is still favorable, have minimal impact on survival rates or recurrence. Treatment guidelines suggest regular monitoring of TSH and thyroid ultrasound (TUS), ensuring careful management of TC, especially in cases of aggressive.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/09513590.2025.2517878Thyroid glandpregnancythyroid nodulesthyroid cancerthyroid ultrasonographyfine needle aspiration cytology |
| spellingShingle | Sanja Medenica Durairaj Arjunan Violeta Mladenovic Nikola Zankovic Slavica Aksam Zoran Gluvic Pinaki Dutta Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy Gynecological Endocrinology Thyroid gland pregnancy thyroid nodules thyroid cancer thyroid ultrasonography fine needle aspiration cytology |
| title | Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy |
| title_full | Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy |
| title_fullStr | Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy |
| title_short | Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy |
| title_sort | thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy |
| topic | Thyroid gland pregnancy thyroid nodules thyroid cancer thyroid ultrasonography fine needle aspiration cytology |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/09513590.2025.2517878 |
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