Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer

Abstract Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) enrichment has been identified in colorectal cancer and its liver metastases. In this study, we found that Fn predominantly accumulated within colorectal cancer cells, correlating with colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Clinically, the administration of high do...

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Main Authors: Yanan Niu, Xu Zhao, Yong Li, Xiaoya Ma, Weifeng Yang, Jie Ma, Wanglin Li, Wei Yuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-08-01
Series:Advanced Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202504188
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author Yanan Niu
Xu Zhao
Yong Li
Xiaoya Ma
Weifeng Yang
Jie Ma
Wanglin Li
Wei Yuan
author_facet Yanan Niu
Xu Zhao
Yong Li
Xiaoya Ma
Weifeng Yang
Jie Ma
Wanglin Li
Wei Yuan
author_sort Yanan Niu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) enrichment has been identified in colorectal cancer and its liver metastases. In this study, we found that Fn predominantly accumulated within colorectal cancer cells, correlating with colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Clinically, the administration of high doses of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents can disrupt the balance of the host microbiota. To address this clinical challenge, metronidazole (MTI) and oxaliplatin (OXA) are encapsulated within poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles. Neutrophil membrane vesicles are extracted from murine bone marrow and coated with these nanoparticles (NM@PLGA‐MTI‐OXA), creating neutrophil‐mimetic nanoparticles with dual targeting capabilities for antibacterial and anticancer purposes. The neutrophil membrane coating, compared with free drugs, is found to enhance nanoparticle uptake by tumor cells, facilitating intracellular bacterial elimination and tumor cell death. Further experiments reveal that NM@PLGA‐MTI‐OXA reverses the Fn‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor cells during metastasis and remodels the immunosuppressive microenvironment, suppressing colorectal cancer and liver metastasis development while minimizing broad‐spectrum damage to the commensal microbiota.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2198-3844
language English
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publisher Wiley
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series Advanced Science
spelling doaj-art-0830878024aa4909bed1fa6e613274a42025-08-20T11:56:10ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442025-08-011230n/an/a10.1002/advs.202504188Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal CancerYanan Niu0Xu Zhao1Yong Li2Xiaoya Ma3Weifeng Yang4Jie Ma5Wanglin Li6Wei Yuan7State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 P. R. ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 P. R. ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery Huadu District Peoples' Hospital of Guangzhou 48 Xinhua Road, Huadu District Guangzhou 510800 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Biotherapy Beijing Hospital National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 P. R. ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery Huadu District Peoples' Hospital of Guangzhou 48 Xinhua Road, Huadu District Guangzhou 510800 P. R. ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 P. R. ChinaAbstract Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) enrichment has been identified in colorectal cancer and its liver metastases. In this study, we found that Fn predominantly accumulated within colorectal cancer cells, correlating with colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Clinically, the administration of high doses of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents can disrupt the balance of the host microbiota. To address this clinical challenge, metronidazole (MTI) and oxaliplatin (OXA) are encapsulated within poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles. Neutrophil membrane vesicles are extracted from murine bone marrow and coated with these nanoparticles (NM@PLGA‐MTI‐OXA), creating neutrophil‐mimetic nanoparticles with dual targeting capabilities for antibacterial and anticancer purposes. The neutrophil membrane coating, compared with free drugs, is found to enhance nanoparticle uptake by tumor cells, facilitating intracellular bacterial elimination and tumor cell death. Further experiments reveal that NM@PLGA‐MTI‐OXA reverses the Fn‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor cells during metastasis and remodels the immunosuppressive microenvironment, suppressing colorectal cancer and liver metastasis development while minimizing broad‐spectrum damage to the commensal microbiota.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202504188colorectal cancerliver metastasisnanomedicinetumor microbiome
spellingShingle Yanan Niu
Xu Zhao
Yong Li
Xiaoya Ma
Weifeng Yang
Jie Ma
Wanglin Li
Wei Yuan
Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
Advanced Science
colorectal cancer
liver metastasis
nanomedicine
tumor microbiome
title Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
title_full Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
title_fullStr Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
title_short Neutrophil‐Mimicking Nanomedicine Eliminates Tumor Intracellular Bacteria and Enhances Chemotherapy on Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
title_sort neutrophil mimicking nanomedicine eliminates tumor intracellular bacteria and enhances chemotherapy on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer
topic colorectal cancer
liver metastasis
nanomedicine
tumor microbiome
url https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202504188
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