Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de Fichte
In his violent charge against the French Revolution, Edmund Burke elevated the political debate to a philosophical level. His deepest argument consisted in reproaching revolutionaries for sinning by apriorism, seeking to deduce, like geometricians, a new constitution from the abstract principles set...
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École Normale Supérieure de Lyon
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| author | Thomas Van der Hallen |
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| author_sort | Thomas Van der Hallen |
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| description | In his violent charge against the French Revolution, Edmund Burke elevated the political debate to a philosophical level. His deepest argument consisted in reproaching revolutionaries for sinning by apriorism, seeking to deduce, like geometricians, a new constitution from the abstract principles set out in the Declaration of Human Rights. Taken up by the German disciples of Burke, this criticism of the method adopted by the Constituent Assembly drew from the empiricist postulates of the Anglo-Scottish Enlightenment all the conservative implications already concealed in Hume’s political and historical texts. Yet, it is from the outset on this speculative ground that the defence of the right of revolution is played out in Fichte. Reproaching empiricism for reducing the mind to the “blind mechanism of the association of ideas”, passively determined by an exteriority in itself, Fichte intends, on the contrary, to base the experience itself on the activity of an absolutely independent “I-in-itself”. Conceived as a free causality, thus being able to free oneself from Humian “customary conjunctions” in order to begin a new series in the order of phenomena, man, for Fichte, not only has the “faculty of self-improvement”, but the very law of his freedom even makes it his duty. With regard to this categorical imperative of self-improvement, there is no Common Law, nor Ancient Constitution, nor “inheritance from our forefathers” that can stand. Hence, Fichte does not shrink from revolution if these venerable institutions of the past are an obstacle to man’s destiny. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-08269fa79da0450f9f9f38cd6003967c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1762-6110 |
| language | fra |
| publisher | École Normale Supérieure de Lyon |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Astérion |
| spelling | doaj-art-08269fa79da0450f9f9f38cd6003967c2025-08-20T03:47:44ZfraÉcole Normale Supérieure de LyonAstérion1762-61102410.4000/asterion.5629Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de FichteThomas Van der HallenIn his violent charge against the French Revolution, Edmund Burke elevated the political debate to a philosophical level. His deepest argument consisted in reproaching revolutionaries for sinning by apriorism, seeking to deduce, like geometricians, a new constitution from the abstract principles set out in the Declaration of Human Rights. Taken up by the German disciples of Burke, this criticism of the method adopted by the Constituent Assembly drew from the empiricist postulates of the Anglo-Scottish Enlightenment all the conservative implications already concealed in Hume’s political and historical texts. Yet, it is from the outset on this speculative ground that the defence of the right of revolution is played out in Fichte. Reproaching empiricism for reducing the mind to the “blind mechanism of the association of ideas”, passively determined by an exteriority in itself, Fichte intends, on the contrary, to base the experience itself on the activity of an absolutely independent “I-in-itself”. Conceived as a free causality, thus being able to free oneself from Humian “customary conjunctions” in order to begin a new series in the order of phenomena, man, for Fichte, not only has the “faculty of self-improvement”, but the very law of his freedom even makes it his duty. With regard to this categorical imperative of self-improvement, there is no Common Law, nor Ancient Constitution, nor “inheritance from our forefathers” that can stand. Hence, Fichte does not shrink from revolution if these venerable institutions of the past are an obstacle to man’s destiny.https://journals.openedition.org/asterion/5629Fichte (Johann Gottlieb)Doctrine of Scientific KnowledgeRight of RevolutionCriticism of EmpiricismBurke (Edmund) |
| spellingShingle | Thomas Van der Hallen Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de Fichte Astérion Fichte (Johann Gottlieb) Doctrine of Scientific Knowledge Right of Revolution Criticism of Empiricism Burke (Edmund) |
| title | Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de Fichte |
| title_full | Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de Fichte |
| title_fullStr | Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de Fichte |
| title_full_unstemmed | Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de Fichte |
| title_short | Briser les « chaînes extérieures » : le combat commun de la Révolution française et de la Doctrine de la science de Fichte |
| title_sort | briser les chaines exterieures le combat commun de la revolution francaise et de la doctrine de la science de fichte |
| topic | Fichte (Johann Gottlieb) Doctrine of Scientific Knowledge Right of Revolution Criticism of Empiricism Burke (Edmund) |
| url | https://journals.openedition.org/asterion/5629 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thomasvanderhallen briserleschainesexterieureslecombatcommundelarevolutionfrancaiseetdeladoctrinedelasciencedefichte |