Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort study

Background/ObjectivesPsoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease frequently linked to metabolic dysregulation. Odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs), a group of bioactive lipids, have been implicated in inflammation and metabolic health; however, their role in psoriasis remains poorly defined. This...

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Main Authors: Rongcan Shi, Yifei Xu, Xingyu Jiang, Bo Yu, Rui Ma, Xin Wang, Yuling Shi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1500722/full
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author Rongcan Shi
Rongcan Shi
Rongcan Shi
Yifei Xu
Yifei Xu
Xingyu Jiang
Xingyu Jiang
Xingyu Jiang
Bo Yu
Bo Yu
Rui Ma
Rui Ma
Xin Wang
Xin Wang
Yuling Shi
Yuling Shi
Yuling Shi
author_facet Rongcan Shi
Rongcan Shi
Rongcan Shi
Yifei Xu
Yifei Xu
Xingyu Jiang
Xingyu Jiang
Xingyu Jiang
Bo Yu
Bo Yu
Rui Ma
Rui Ma
Xin Wang
Xin Wang
Yuling Shi
Yuling Shi
Yuling Shi
author_sort Rongcan Shi
collection DOAJ
description Background/ObjectivesPsoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease frequently linked to metabolic dysregulation. Odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs), a group of bioactive lipids, have been implicated in inflammation and metabolic health; however, their role in psoriasis remains poorly defined. This study aimed to investigate the associations between plasma OCFA levels, white blood cell (WBC) traits, and psoriasis severity.MethodsA total of 235 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were enrolled from the Shanghai Psoriasis Effectiveness Evaluation CoHort. Baseline plasma OCFA concentrations were measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and routine hematologic parameters were extracted from clinical records. Psoriasis severity was assessed using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, Body Surface Area, Dermatology Life Quality Index, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for Anxiety and Depression. Therapeutic response was evaluated at weeks 12 and 28 based on clinical improvement. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses, stratified subgroup analyses, and restricted cubic spline models were employed.ResultsHigher plasma levels of C15:0 were significantly associated with increased total WBC and neutrophil counts. C17:0 levels were positively associated with WBC counts among females and older adults, and inversely associated with eosinophil counts in females and individuals with normal BMI. Additionally, C17:1n7 levels were positively associated with lymphocyte and monocyte counts. Total OCFA levels were also positively associated with overall WBC and neutrophil counts. These associations varied by sex, age, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption history, and the presence of comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. While no significant associations were observed between plasma OCFA levels and psoriasis severity or treatment response in the overall cohort, stratified analyses revealed potential relationships in specific subgroups.ConclusionsPlasma OCFAs are differentially associated with circulating immune cell profiles in patients with psoriasis, suggesting a potential immunomodulatory role. Although OCFAs were not linked to overall disease severity or short-term treatment outcomes, subgroup-specific associations indicate their relevance in particular clinical phenotypes. These findings highlight the need for further longitudinal studies to clarify the role of OCFAs in immune regulation, disease progression, and comorbidity management in psoriasis.
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spelling doaj-art-07eebd9875d444ecac9d0a18841e94212025-08-20T03:53:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-04-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15007221500722Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort studyRongcan Shi0Rongcan Shi1Rongcan Shi2Yifei Xu3Yifei Xu4Xingyu Jiang5Xingyu Jiang6Xingyu Jiang7Bo Yu8Bo Yu9Rui Ma10Rui Ma11Xin Wang12Xin Wang13Yuling Shi14Yuling Shi15Yuling Shi16Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaBackground/ObjectivesPsoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease frequently linked to metabolic dysregulation. Odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs), a group of bioactive lipids, have been implicated in inflammation and metabolic health; however, their role in psoriasis remains poorly defined. This study aimed to investigate the associations between plasma OCFA levels, white blood cell (WBC) traits, and psoriasis severity.MethodsA total of 235 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were enrolled from the Shanghai Psoriasis Effectiveness Evaluation CoHort. Baseline plasma OCFA concentrations were measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and routine hematologic parameters were extracted from clinical records. Psoriasis severity was assessed using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, Body Surface Area, Dermatology Life Quality Index, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for Anxiety and Depression. Therapeutic response was evaluated at weeks 12 and 28 based on clinical improvement. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses, stratified subgroup analyses, and restricted cubic spline models were employed.ResultsHigher plasma levels of C15:0 were significantly associated with increased total WBC and neutrophil counts. C17:0 levels were positively associated with WBC counts among females and older adults, and inversely associated with eosinophil counts in females and individuals with normal BMI. Additionally, C17:1n7 levels were positively associated with lymphocyte and monocyte counts. Total OCFA levels were also positively associated with overall WBC and neutrophil counts. These associations varied by sex, age, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption history, and the presence of comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. While no significant associations were observed between plasma OCFA levels and psoriasis severity or treatment response in the overall cohort, stratified analyses revealed potential relationships in specific subgroups.ConclusionsPlasma OCFAs are differentially associated with circulating immune cell profiles in patients with psoriasis, suggesting a potential immunomodulatory role. Although OCFAs were not linked to overall disease severity or short-term treatment outcomes, subgroup-specific associations indicate their relevance in particular clinical phenotypes. These findings highlight the need for further longitudinal studies to clarify the role of OCFAs in immune regulation, disease progression, and comorbidity management in psoriasis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1500722/fullpsoriasisodd-chain fatty acidwhite blood cell traitsseverityprospective cohort
spellingShingle Rongcan Shi
Rongcan Shi
Rongcan Shi
Yifei Xu
Yifei Xu
Xingyu Jiang
Xingyu Jiang
Xingyu Jiang
Bo Yu
Bo Yu
Rui Ma
Rui Ma
Xin Wang
Xin Wang
Yuling Shi
Yuling Shi
Yuling Shi
Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort study
Frontiers in Immunology
psoriasis
odd-chain fatty acid
white blood cell traits
severity
prospective cohort
title Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort study
title_full Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort study
title_fullStr Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort study
title_short Association between plasma odd-chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis: insights from a prospective cohort study
title_sort association between plasma odd chain fatty acid levels and immune cell traits in psoriasis insights from a prospective cohort study
topic psoriasis
odd-chain fatty acid
white blood cell traits
severity
prospective cohort
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1500722/full
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