Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
Enhydra fluctuans, a popular vegetable in Bangladesh, is used in folk medicine to treat diseases of the nervous system. The objective of this study was to investigate the phytochemical profile and cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of the extracts of E. fluctuans. Among the four tes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Food Science |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8862025 |
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| author | Simin Shabnam Lopa Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Md. Kamrul Hasan Md. Salim Ahammed KM Monirul Islam A. H. M. Khurshid Alam Toshihisa Tanaka Md. Golam Sadik |
| author_facet | Simin Shabnam Lopa Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Md. Kamrul Hasan Md. Salim Ahammed KM Monirul Islam A. H. M. Khurshid Alam Toshihisa Tanaka Md. Golam Sadik |
| author_sort | Simin Shabnam Lopa |
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| description | Enhydra fluctuans, a popular vegetable in Bangladesh, is used in folk medicine to treat diseases of the nervous system. The objective of this study was to investigate the phytochemical profile and cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of the extracts of E. fluctuans. Among the four tested extracts, the chloroform extract was found to exert the highest inhibition against both the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes with the IC50 (concentration required for 50% inhibition) values of 83.90 μg/mL and 48.14 μg/mL, respectively. Likewise, the chloroform extract showed the highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the IC50 value was found to be 113.27 μg/mL, and in reducing power assay, the absorbance was found to be 1.916 at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. Phytochemical analyses revealed that the chloroform extract contained 19.16 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract of phenolics and 41.84 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g extract of flavonoids, which appeared to be the highest among the extracts. A significant correlation was observed between phenolic content and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity, while a moderate correlation was seen between flavonoid content and cholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that E. fluctuans is a natural source of cholinesterase inhibitors and antioxidants, which could be utilized as functional foods for Alzheimer’s disease management. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-07e937d43c684f9097adecb019a84a6a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2356-7015 2314-5765 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Food Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-07e937d43c684f9097adecb019a84a6a2025-02-03T06:43:26ZengWileyInternational Journal of Food Science2356-70152314-57652021-01-01202110.1155/2021/88620258862025Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s DiseaseSimin Shabnam Lopa0Md. Yusuf Al-Amin1Md. Kamrul Hasan2Md. Salim Ahammed3KM Monirul Islam4A. H. M. Khurshid Alam5Toshihisa Tanaka6Md. Golam Sadik7Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, BangladeshDepartment of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, JapanDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, BangladeshEnhydra fluctuans, a popular vegetable in Bangladesh, is used in folk medicine to treat diseases of the nervous system. The objective of this study was to investigate the phytochemical profile and cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of the extracts of E. fluctuans. Among the four tested extracts, the chloroform extract was found to exert the highest inhibition against both the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes with the IC50 (concentration required for 50% inhibition) values of 83.90 μg/mL and 48.14 μg/mL, respectively. Likewise, the chloroform extract showed the highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the IC50 value was found to be 113.27 μg/mL, and in reducing power assay, the absorbance was found to be 1.916 at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. Phytochemical analyses revealed that the chloroform extract contained 19.16 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract of phenolics and 41.84 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g extract of flavonoids, which appeared to be the highest among the extracts. A significant correlation was observed between phenolic content and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity, while a moderate correlation was seen between flavonoid content and cholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that E. fluctuans is a natural source of cholinesterase inhibitors and antioxidants, which could be utilized as functional foods for Alzheimer’s disease management.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8862025 |
| spellingShingle | Simin Shabnam Lopa Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Md. Kamrul Hasan Md. Salim Ahammed KM Monirul Islam A. H. M. Khurshid Alam Toshihisa Tanaka Md. Golam Sadik Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease International Journal of Food Science |
| title | Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full | Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_short | Phytochemical Analysis and Cholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Enhydra fluctuans Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_sort | phytochemical analysis and cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of enhydra fluctuans relevant in the management of alzheimer s disease |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8862025 |
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