Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval
The soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) satellite mission, launched in 2009, provides global measurements of sea surface salinity (SSS) using L-band radiometry. In this article, we revisit the algorithms to empirically correct the residual latitudinal and seasonal biases seen in the debiased non...
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| Format: | Article |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11021587/ |
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| author | Aina Garcia-Espriu Estrella Olmedo Veronica Gonzalez-Gambau Cristina Gonzalez-Haro Antonio Turiel Yoann Rey-Ricord Eric Jeansou Roberto Sabia Raffaele Crapolicchio Roger Oliva |
| author_facet | Aina Garcia-Espriu Estrella Olmedo Veronica Gonzalez-Gambau Cristina Gonzalez-Haro Antonio Turiel Yoann Rey-Ricord Eric Jeansou Roberto Sabia Raffaele Crapolicchio Roger Oliva |
| author_sort | Aina Garcia-Espriu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) satellite mission, launched in 2009, provides global measurements of sea surface salinity (SSS) using L-band radiometry. In this article, we revisit the algorithms to empirically correct the residual latitudinal and seasonal biases seen in the debiased non-Bayesian (DNB) retrieval algorithm. We characterize these biases that affect the retrieved SSS and derive empirical corrections to mitigate them. We also revisit the filtering criteria for the new release of brightness temperature (v724). We compare the SSS retrieved by using different DNB filtering configurations with in-situ Argo measurements and discuss the importance of these corrections and the optimal configuration parameters for the generation of the Level 3 SSS maps. We observe significant improvements in the retrieved SSS when compared to the ones retrieved in the Barcelona Expert Center global SSS product v2. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-07953fb223264c40bf686141bd5176fc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1939-1404 2151-1535 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-07953fb223264c40bf686141bd5176fc2025-08-20T03:27:14ZengIEEEIEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing1939-14042151-15352025-01-0118150561506810.1109/JSTARS.2025.357547311021587Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity RetrievalAina Garcia-Espriu0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9793-5547Estrella Olmedo1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3178-1554Veronica Gonzalez-Gambau2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6380-3754Cristina Gonzalez-Haro3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4602-852XAntonio Turiel4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6103-224XYoann Rey-Ricord5Eric Jeansou6Roberto Sabia7Raffaele Crapolicchio8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-9186Roger Oliva9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-9609Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, SpainBarcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, SpainBarcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, SpainBarcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, SpainBarcelona Expert Center (BEC) and Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, P. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, SpainArgans, Chamberlain House, 1 Research Way, PLYMOUTH, PL6 8BU, UK & 260 Route du Pin Montard BP 234, Sophia Antipolis, FranceArgans, Chamberlain House, 1 Research Way, PLYMOUTH, PL6 8BU, UK & 260 Route du Pin Montard BP 234, Sophia Antipolis, FranceEuropean Space Research Institute, European Space Agency, Frascati, ItalyEuropean Space Research Institute, European Space Agency, Frascati, ItalyZenithal Blue Technologies, Barcelona, SpainThe soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) satellite mission, launched in 2009, provides global measurements of sea surface salinity (SSS) using L-band radiometry. In this article, we revisit the algorithms to empirically correct the residual latitudinal and seasonal biases seen in the debiased non-Bayesian (DNB) retrieval algorithm. We characterize these biases that affect the retrieved SSS and derive empirical corrections to mitigate them. We also revisit the filtering criteria for the new release of brightness temperature (v724). We compare the SSS retrieved by using different DNB filtering configurations with in-situ Argo measurements and discuss the importance of these corrections and the optimal configuration parameters for the generation of the Level 3 SSS maps. We observe significant improvements in the retrieved SSS when compared to the ones retrieved in the Barcelona Expert Center global SSS product v2.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11021587/Bias empirical correctiondata processinglatitudinal and seasonal biasessatellite sea surface salinity (SSS)soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) |
| spellingShingle | Aina Garcia-Espriu Estrella Olmedo Veronica Gonzalez-Gambau Cristina Gonzalez-Haro Antonio Turiel Yoann Rey-Ricord Eric Jeansou Roberto Sabia Raffaele Crapolicchio Roger Oliva Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing Bias empirical correction data processing latitudinal and seasonal biases satellite sea surface salinity (SSS) soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) |
| title | Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval |
| title_full | Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval |
| title_fullStr | Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval |
| title_short | Enhancements on the Latitudinal and Seasonal Bias Corrections in the SMOS Debiased Non-Bayesian Sea Surface Salinity Retrieval |
| title_sort | enhancements on the latitudinal and seasonal bias corrections in the smos debiased non bayesian sea surface salinity retrieval |
| topic | Bias empirical correction data processing latitudinal and seasonal biases satellite sea surface salinity (SSS) soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11021587/ |
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