Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots
In this study, novel plant-based smart packaging materials were developed by loading betacyanin (MJ-Bs) and carbon dots (MJ-CDs) isolated from Mirabilis jalapa petals into biofilms fabricated from soy protein isolate (SPI) and methyl cellulose (MC). The MJ-Bs and MJ-CDs were used as natural color in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Future Foods |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666833525000735 |
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| author | Alireza Ebrahimi Narges Kiani-Salmi Milad Tavassoli David Julian McClements Ali Ehsani Arezou Khezerlou Mahmood Alizadeh Sani |
| author_facet | Alireza Ebrahimi Narges Kiani-Salmi Milad Tavassoli David Julian McClements Ali Ehsani Arezou Khezerlou Mahmood Alizadeh Sani |
| author_sort | Alireza Ebrahimi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, novel plant-based smart packaging materials were developed by loading betacyanin (MJ-Bs) and carbon dots (MJ-CDs) isolated from Mirabilis jalapa petals into biofilms fabricated from soy protein isolate (SPI) and methyl cellulose (MC). The MJ-Bs and MJ-CDs were used as natural color indicators and antimicrobials. Based on scanning electron microscopy analysis, these films had smooth surfaces and uniform structures. Incorporating the MJ-CDs and MJBs into the biofilms increased their UV-blocking properties (from 96.8 to 99.9 %), wettability (from 49.1 to 76.3 °), and tensile strength (from 29.3 to 36.3 MPa), and reduced their water vapor permeability (from 2.91 to 2.13 × 10–11 g. m/m2. s. Pa). The color of the MJ-CD/MJB-loaded biofilms exhibited strong sensitivity to changes in pH (2 to 12), as well as to changes in ammonia vapor levels. The potential application of the biofilms was assessed by measuring their ability to monitor and preserve shrimp freshness during storage at 25 °C. The color of the biofilms shifted from pink (fresh) to brownish yellow (spoiled) during storage, indicating their efficacy for this purpose. These findings highlight the potential of these novel biofilms for quality evaluation in protein-rich fresh food products, offering significant implications for food safety, shelf-life extension, and sustainability in the packaging industry. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0752a5c5760f454b80b79976bf56decf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-8335 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Future Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-0752a5c5760f454b80b79976bf56decf2025-08-20T03:44:27ZengElsevierFuture Foods2666-83352025-06-011110061010.1016/j.fufo.2025.100610Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dotsAlireza Ebrahimi0Narges Kiani-Salmi1Milad Tavassoli2David Julian McClements3Ali Ehsani4Arezou Khezerlou5Mahmood Alizadeh Sani6Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranStudent Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Yasuj University of Medical Science, Yasuj, IranDepartment of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USADepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Corresponding authors.Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Corresponding authors.Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding authors.In this study, novel plant-based smart packaging materials were developed by loading betacyanin (MJ-Bs) and carbon dots (MJ-CDs) isolated from Mirabilis jalapa petals into biofilms fabricated from soy protein isolate (SPI) and methyl cellulose (MC). The MJ-Bs and MJ-CDs were used as natural color indicators and antimicrobials. Based on scanning electron microscopy analysis, these films had smooth surfaces and uniform structures. Incorporating the MJ-CDs and MJBs into the biofilms increased their UV-blocking properties (from 96.8 to 99.9 %), wettability (from 49.1 to 76.3 °), and tensile strength (from 29.3 to 36.3 MPa), and reduced their water vapor permeability (from 2.91 to 2.13 × 10–11 g. m/m2. s. Pa). The color of the MJ-CD/MJB-loaded biofilms exhibited strong sensitivity to changes in pH (2 to 12), as well as to changes in ammonia vapor levels. The potential application of the biofilms was assessed by measuring their ability to monitor and preserve shrimp freshness during storage at 25 °C. The color of the biofilms shifted from pink (fresh) to brownish yellow (spoiled) during storage, indicating their efficacy for this purpose. These findings highlight the potential of these novel biofilms for quality evaluation in protein-rich fresh food products, offering significant implications for food safety, shelf-life extension, and sustainability in the packaging industry.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666833525000735Biodegradable polymerpH sensing labelsActive/Intelligent packagingProtein-rich food |
| spellingShingle | Alireza Ebrahimi Narges Kiani-Salmi Milad Tavassoli David Julian McClements Ali Ehsani Arezou Khezerlou Mahmood Alizadeh Sani Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots Future Foods Biodegradable polymer pH sensing labels Active/Intelligent packaging Protein-rich food |
| title | Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots |
| title_full | Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots |
| title_short | Monitoring food spoilage using smart plant-based packaging materials: Methylcellulose/soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots |
| title_sort | monitoring food spoilage using smart plant based packaging materials methylcellulose soy protein films loaded with betacyanin and carbon dots |
| topic | Biodegradable polymer pH sensing labels Active/Intelligent packaging Protein-rich food |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666833525000735 |
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