Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicos
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. The benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) are specialized metabolites with an ancient phylogeneticdistribution, but still preserved in modern clades. Some of them, such as morphine, sanguinerine or berberine, are important for modernmedicine. This review discus...
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Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
2012-08-01
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| Series: | Universitas Scientiarum |
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| Online Access: | http://revistas.javeriana.edu.co/index.php/scientarium/article/view/3693/2756 |
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| author | Christian Anabí Riley-Saldaña Alma Rosa González-Esquinca Iván De-La-Cruz Chacón |
| author_facet | Christian Anabí Riley-Saldaña Alma Rosa González-Esquinca Iván De-La-Cruz Chacón |
| author_sort | Christian Anabí Riley-Saldaña |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. The benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) are specialized metabolites with an ancient phylogeneticdistribution, but still preserved in modern clades. Some of them, such as morphine, sanguinerine or berberine, are important for modernmedicine. This review discusses the highlights of the current state of the biosynthesis of BIA. There have been studies that show thebiosynthesis of 22 of these nitrogenous metabolites. In their formation there are 43 enzymes grouped into oxidoreductases, transferasesand lyases, which in some cases represent atypical examples of the manner in which the secondary metabolism diversification wasoriginated. Two of these examples are the cytochrome proteins P450 (P450), with catalytic activities for ABI route, or the norcoclaurinesynthase enzyme (NCS), which share substantial identity with defense allergenic proteins. Likewise, there are genetic advances thathave produced the characterization of 30 enzymes, allowing knowledge of regulatory processes. Another interesting aspect is thecompartmentation of the biosynthesis sites and accumulation of BIA, since in several cases they are spatially separated and in differentspecies, or in the same species several types of cells may be involved. This has suggested intra and intercellular transport of alkaloids,precursors and enzymes, and it has been documented berberine transport between the cytoplasm and the vacuoles of storage. The picturefor the biosynthesis of BIA has been constructed with exemplary studies of alkaloids with pharmacological importance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0752852d15054698b8dd573e99fc225a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0122-7483 2027-1352 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-08-01 |
| publisher | Pontificia Universidad Javeriana |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universitas Scientiarum |
| spelling | doaj-art-0752852d15054698b8dd573e99fc225a2025-08-20T01:59:12ZengPontificia Universidad JaverianaUniversitas Scientiarum0122-74832027-13522012-08-01172189202Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicosChristian Anabí Riley-SaldañaAlma Rosa González-EsquincaIván De-La-Cruz ChacónBenzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. The benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) are specialized metabolites with an ancient phylogeneticdistribution, but still preserved in modern clades. Some of them, such as morphine, sanguinerine or berberine, are important for modernmedicine. This review discusses the highlights of the current state of the biosynthesis of BIA. There have been studies that show thebiosynthesis of 22 of these nitrogenous metabolites. In their formation there are 43 enzymes grouped into oxidoreductases, transferasesand lyases, which in some cases represent atypical examples of the manner in which the secondary metabolism diversification wasoriginated. Two of these examples are the cytochrome proteins P450 (P450), with catalytic activities for ABI route, or the norcoclaurinesynthase enzyme (NCS), which share substantial identity with defense allergenic proteins. Likewise, there are genetic advances thathave produced the characterization of 30 enzymes, allowing knowledge of regulatory processes. Another interesting aspect is thecompartmentation of the biosynthesis sites and accumulation of BIA, since in several cases they are spatially separated and in differentspecies, or in the same species several types of cells may be involved. This has suggested intra and intercellular transport of alkaloids,precursors and enzymes, and it has been documented berberine transport between the cytoplasm and the vacuoles of storage. The picturefor the biosynthesis of BIA has been constructed with exemplary studies of alkaloids with pharmacological importance.http://revistas.javeriana.edu.co/index.php/scientarium/article/view/3693/2756specialized metabolismsecondary metabolismcellular transportcell compartmenttissue-specific regulation. |
| spellingShingle | Christian Anabí Riley-Saldaña Alma Rosa González-Esquinca Iván De-La-Cruz Chacón Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicos Universitas Scientiarum specialized metabolism secondary metabolism cellular transport cell compartment tissue-specific regulation. |
| title | Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicos |
| title_full | Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicos |
| title_fullStr | Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicos |
| title_short | Biosíntesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolínicos |
| title_sort | biosintesis de alcaloides bencilisoquinolinicos |
| topic | specialized metabolism secondary metabolism cellular transport cell compartment tissue-specific regulation. |
| url | http://revistas.javeriana.edu.co/index.php/scientarium/article/view/3693/2756 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT christiananabirileysaldana biosintesisdealcaloidesbencilisoquinolinicos AT almarosagonzalezesquinca biosintesisdealcaloidesbencilisoquinolinicos AT ivandelacruzchacon biosintesisdealcaloidesbencilisoquinolinicos |