RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing
Thioredoxin z (TRX z) plays a significant role in chloroplast development by regulating the transcription of chloroplast genes. In this study, we identified a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein, rice albino seedling-lethal (RAS), that interacts with OsTRX z. This interaction was initially discov...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Zhennan Qiu Shiyong Wen Peinan Sun Dongdong Chen Chunmiao Wang Xiliang Song Liying Xiao Peiliang Zhang Dongying Zhao Cuiping Wen Peiyan Guan Xuechu Du Yinghui Sun Chenshan Xu Jian Song |
| author_facet | Zhennan Qiu Shiyong Wen Peinan Sun Dongdong Chen Chunmiao Wang Xiliang Song Liying Xiao Peiliang Zhang Dongying Zhao Cuiping Wen Peiyan Guan Xuechu Du Yinghui Sun Chenshan Xu Jian Song |
| author_sort | Zhennan Qiu |
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| description | Thioredoxin z (TRX z) plays a significant role in chloroplast development by regulating the transcription of chloroplast genes. In this study, we identified a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein, rice albino seedling-lethal (RAS), that interacts with OsTRX z. This interaction was initially discovered by using a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening technique and was further validated through Y2H and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments. RAS contains 16 PPR motifs and features a small MutS-related (SMR) domain at its C-terminus. CRISPR/Cas9-generated <i>ras</i> mutants exhibited an albino seedling-lethal phenotype characterized by abnormal chloroplast structures and a significantly reduced chlorophyll content. RAS localizes to the chloroplast and is predominantly expressed in young leaves. Mutations in <i>RAS</i> affect RNA editing at the <i>rpl2</i>, <i>rps14</i>, and <i>ndhA</i> sites, as well as RNA splicing at the <i>rpl2</i>, <i>atpF</i>, and <i>ndhA</i> transcripts within the chloroplast. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes associated with chloroplast formation are altered in the <i>ras</i> mutant. Both OsTRX z and RAS were found to interact with chloroplast signal recognition particle (cpSRP) proteins, indicating that their proper localization within the chloroplast may be dependent on the SRP pathway. Collectively, our findings highlight the critical role of RAS in chloroplast development, as it is involved in RNA processing and the regulation of chloroplast gene expression. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-074e6191a7d642969131395d174a20602025-01-24T13:46:55ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114224710.3390/plants14020247RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA ProcessingZhennan Qiu0Shiyong Wen1Peinan Sun2Dongdong Chen3Chunmiao Wang4Xiliang Song5Liying Xiao6Peiliang Zhang7Dongying Zhao8Cuiping Wen9Peiyan Guan10Xuechu Du11Yinghui Sun12Chenshan Xu13Jian Song14College of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, ChinaThioredoxin z (TRX z) plays a significant role in chloroplast development by regulating the transcription of chloroplast genes. In this study, we identified a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein, rice albino seedling-lethal (RAS), that interacts with OsTRX z. This interaction was initially discovered by using a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening technique and was further validated through Y2H and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments. RAS contains 16 PPR motifs and features a small MutS-related (SMR) domain at its C-terminus. CRISPR/Cas9-generated <i>ras</i> mutants exhibited an albino seedling-lethal phenotype characterized by abnormal chloroplast structures and a significantly reduced chlorophyll content. RAS localizes to the chloroplast and is predominantly expressed in young leaves. Mutations in <i>RAS</i> affect RNA editing at the <i>rpl2</i>, <i>rps14</i>, and <i>ndhA</i> sites, as well as RNA splicing at the <i>rpl2</i>, <i>atpF</i>, and <i>ndhA</i> transcripts within the chloroplast. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes associated with chloroplast formation are altered in the <i>ras</i> mutant. Both OsTRX z and RAS were found to interact with chloroplast signal recognition particle (cpSRP) proteins, indicating that their proper localization within the chloroplast may be dependent on the SRP pathway. Collectively, our findings highlight the critical role of RAS in chloroplast development, as it is involved in RNA processing and the regulation of chloroplast gene expression.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/247ricePPRchloroplast developmentRNA splicingRNA editing |
| spellingShingle | Zhennan Qiu Shiyong Wen Peinan Sun Dongdong Chen Chunmiao Wang Xiliang Song Liying Xiao Peiliang Zhang Dongying Zhao Cuiping Wen Peiyan Guan Xuechu Du Yinghui Sun Chenshan Xu Jian Song RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing Plants rice PPR chloroplast development RNA splicing RNA editing |
| title | RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing |
| title_full | RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing |
| title_fullStr | RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing |
| title_full_unstemmed | RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing |
| title_short | RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing |
| title_sort | ras a pentatricopeptide repeat protein interacts with ostrx z to regulate chloroplast gene transcription and rna processing |
| topic | rice PPR chloroplast development RNA splicing RNA editing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/247 |
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