Selenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation
Abstract This study investigates the eco-friendly synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) incorporated into a polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CH) composite for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and food preservation applications. SeNPs were synthesized using...
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2025-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-025-01608-w |
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| author | Hamza T. O. Abdelaziz Eldin M. Seif Mohamed Samir K. A. Younis Nada Ahmed Mary N. Michaeel Samah H. Abu-Hussien Ashraf Bakry Naglaa M. Ebeed Mohamed A. Nasser Mohamed K. Abou El-Nasr Mahmoud A. A. Ali Bahaa Hemdan Mahmoud Salah Salwa M. El-Sayed |
| author_facet | Hamza T. O. Abdelaziz Eldin M. Seif Mohamed Samir K. A. Younis Nada Ahmed Mary N. Michaeel Samah H. Abu-Hussien Ashraf Bakry Naglaa M. Ebeed Mohamed A. Nasser Mohamed K. Abou El-Nasr Mahmoud A. A. Ali Bahaa Hemdan Mahmoud Salah Salwa M. El-Sayed |
| author_sort | Hamza T. O. Abdelaziz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study investigates the eco-friendly synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) incorporated into a polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CH) composite for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and food preservation applications. SeNPs were synthesized using orange peel extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Characterization through UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), TEM and zeta potential analysis confirmed the formation of stable, well-dispersed SeNPs. The antimicrobial activity of PVA/chitosan (PVA/CH) films incorporated with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was evaluated against five pathogenic bacterial strains, showing a concentration-dependent enhancement, with the 1% SeNPs formulation achieving the highest inhibition zones across all tested pathogens. Se nanoparticles showed a more compact structure and excellent thermal and UV stability into PVA/CH-SeNPS film. Antioxidant potential was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assays. The composites showed concentration-dependent free radical scavenging, with the highest activity observed at 1% SeNP concentration (IC50:45.2 µg/mL), closely approaching that of ascorbic acid (IC50: 38.6 µg/mL). HPLC analysis of orange peel extract identified high levels of rutin (546.46 mg/kg), quercetin (217.45 mg/kg), and chlorogenic acid (72.75 mg/kg), which likely contributed to the observed antioxidant properties. Cytotoxicity tests using Vero cells demonstrated high biocompatibility, with over 80% cell viability at all tested concentrations, confirming the composites’ potential for safe biomedical applications. Additionally, the use of PVA/CH-SeNP composites as an edible coating for Hollywood plum (Prunus domestica L. cv. Hollywood) was evaluated to extend postharvest storage. Fruits coated with 0.5% and 1% PVA/CH-SeNP showed significantly reduced weight loss (3.64% and 2.84%, respectively, compared to 6.91% in the control) and maintained higher firmness (7.20 N/cm² vs. 4.12 N/cm² in the control). The coatings also increased total soluble solids (TSS: 14.6°Brix), decreased acidity (0.936%), and enhanced L-ascorbic acid (19.86 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content. These results highlight the potential of PVA/CH-SeNP composites as multifunctional biomaterials for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and food preservation applications. Future studies should explore their in vivo efficacy, long-term stability, and potential for large-scale applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-07211eb5650c458d9bf6cb91c5506825 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2661-801X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-07211eb5650c458d9bf6cb91c55068252025-08-24T11:06:04ZengBMCBMC Chemistry2661-801X2025-08-0119112210.1186/s13065-025-01608-wSelenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservationHamza T. O. Abdelaziz0Eldin M. Seif Mohamed1Samir K. A. Younis2Nada Ahmed3Mary N. Michaeel4Samah H. Abu-Hussien5Ashraf Bakry6Naglaa M. Ebeed7Mohamed A. Nasser8Mohamed K. Abou El-Nasr9Mahmoud A. A. Ali10Bahaa Hemdan11Mahmoud Salah12Salwa M. El-Sayed13Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityBiotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityWater Pollution Research Department, Environment and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research CentreDepartment of Environmental Agricultural Science, Faculty of Graduate Studies and Environmental Research, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams UniversityAbstract This study investigates the eco-friendly synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) incorporated into a polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CH) composite for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and food preservation applications. SeNPs were synthesized using orange peel extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Characterization through UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), TEM and zeta potential analysis confirmed the formation of stable, well-dispersed SeNPs. The antimicrobial activity of PVA/chitosan (PVA/CH) films incorporated with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was evaluated against five pathogenic bacterial strains, showing a concentration-dependent enhancement, with the 1% SeNPs formulation achieving the highest inhibition zones across all tested pathogens. Se nanoparticles showed a more compact structure and excellent thermal and UV stability into PVA/CH-SeNPS film. Antioxidant potential was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assays. The composites showed concentration-dependent free radical scavenging, with the highest activity observed at 1% SeNP concentration (IC50:45.2 µg/mL), closely approaching that of ascorbic acid (IC50: 38.6 µg/mL). HPLC analysis of orange peel extract identified high levels of rutin (546.46 mg/kg), quercetin (217.45 mg/kg), and chlorogenic acid (72.75 mg/kg), which likely contributed to the observed antioxidant properties. Cytotoxicity tests using Vero cells demonstrated high biocompatibility, with over 80% cell viability at all tested concentrations, confirming the composites’ potential for safe biomedical applications. Additionally, the use of PVA/CH-SeNP composites as an edible coating for Hollywood plum (Prunus domestica L. cv. Hollywood) was evaluated to extend postharvest storage. Fruits coated with 0.5% and 1% PVA/CH-SeNP showed significantly reduced weight loss (3.64% and 2.84%, respectively, compared to 6.91% in the control) and maintained higher firmness (7.20 N/cm² vs. 4.12 N/cm² in the control). The coatings also increased total soluble solids (TSS: 14.6°Brix), decreased acidity (0.936%), and enhanced L-ascorbic acid (19.86 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content. These results highlight the potential of PVA/CH-SeNP composites as multifunctional biomaterials for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and food preservation applications. Future studies should explore their in vivo efficacy, long-term stability, and potential for large-scale applications.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-025-01608-wGreen synthertized SeNPSOrange peelsPVA/Chitosan compositeAntimicrobial activityAntioxidant propertiesEdible coating |
| spellingShingle | Hamza T. O. Abdelaziz Eldin M. Seif Mohamed Samir K. A. Younis Nada Ahmed Mary N. Michaeel Samah H. Abu-Hussien Ashraf Bakry Naglaa M. Ebeed Mohamed A. Nasser Mohamed K. Abou El-Nasr Mahmoud A. A. Ali Bahaa Hemdan Mahmoud Salah Salwa M. El-Sayed Selenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation BMC Chemistry Green synthertized SeNPS Orange peels PVA/Chitosan composite Antimicrobial activity Antioxidant properties Edible coating |
| title | Selenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation |
| title_full | Selenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation |
| title_fullStr | Selenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation |
| title_short | Selenium nanoparticle loaded on PVA/chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels: antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation |
| title_sort | selenium nanoparticle loaded on pva chitosan biofilm synthesized from orange peels antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for plum preservation |
| topic | Green synthertized SeNPS Orange peels PVA/Chitosan composite Antimicrobial activity Antioxidant properties Edible coating |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-025-01608-w |
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