Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control Study
Introduction. Dengue fever is a vector-borne disease associated with a significant public health impact. The clinical picture ranges from undifferentiated fever to more severe forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Compared to healthy controls, we explored the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4173303 |
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| author | Sharmila Dissanayake Sureshi Tennekoon Sharmila Gaffoor Guwani Liyanage |
| author_facet | Sharmila Dissanayake Sureshi Tennekoon Sharmila Gaffoor Guwani Liyanage |
| author_sort | Sharmila Dissanayake |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction. Dengue fever is a vector-borne disease associated with a significant public health impact. The clinical picture ranges from undifferentiated fever to more severe forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Compared to healthy controls, we explored the likelihood of having vitamin D deficiency (VDD) among children with severe dengue infection. Methods. This case-control study compared hospitalized children (2 months to 12 years) with DHF and DSS with radiologically confirmed plasma leak with age-matched healthy controls. The association of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] level, age, sex, and socioeconomic status with DHF/DSS was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results. Forty children with DHF/DSS were compared with 52 healthy controls. Mean (SD) age was 8.8 (2.9) years and 7.9 (3.7) years among cases and controls, respectively. Most (n = 28, 70%) had DHF. In multivariate logistic regression, the likelihood of having VDD [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL] was 3.6 times higher in cases compared to controls (Odds Ratio (OR): 3.65, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.461, 9.102, p=0.006). When serum 25(OH)D was used as a continuous independent variable, the strength of the association between DHF/DSS and serum 25(OH)D was weak but statistically significant; the likelihood of having DHF/DSS is 0.94 times less with 1 ng/mL increase in serum 25(OH)D (OR: 0.940, 95% CI: 0.887, 0.995, p=0.03). Conclusion. The present study suggests that the likelihood of having VDD among children with DHF/DSS is higher than that in their healthy counterparts. Thus, further studies are critical in confirming whether vitamin D repletion is beneficial in preventing severe forms of dengue in the quest to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with dengue infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-071a95d93a3449649bc67b4cc8bca026 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-9686 1687-9694 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-071a95d93a3449649bc67b4cc8bca0262025-08-20T02:02:50ZengWileyJournal of Tropical Medicine1687-96861687-96942021-01-01202110.1155/2021/41733034173303Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control StudySharmila Dissanayake0Sureshi Tennekoon1Sharmila Gaffoor2Guwani Liyanage3Paediatric Professorial Unit, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Kalubowila, Sri LankaPaediatric Professorial Unit, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Kalubowila, Sri LankaPaediatric Professorial Unit, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Kalubowila, Sri LankaDepartment of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri LankaIntroduction. Dengue fever is a vector-borne disease associated with a significant public health impact. The clinical picture ranges from undifferentiated fever to more severe forms such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Compared to healthy controls, we explored the likelihood of having vitamin D deficiency (VDD) among children with severe dengue infection. Methods. This case-control study compared hospitalized children (2 months to 12 years) with DHF and DSS with radiologically confirmed plasma leak with age-matched healthy controls. The association of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] level, age, sex, and socioeconomic status with DHF/DSS was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results. Forty children with DHF/DSS were compared with 52 healthy controls. Mean (SD) age was 8.8 (2.9) years and 7.9 (3.7) years among cases and controls, respectively. Most (n = 28, 70%) had DHF. In multivariate logistic regression, the likelihood of having VDD [25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL] was 3.6 times higher in cases compared to controls (Odds Ratio (OR): 3.65, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.461, 9.102, p=0.006). When serum 25(OH)D was used as a continuous independent variable, the strength of the association between DHF/DSS and serum 25(OH)D was weak but statistically significant; the likelihood of having DHF/DSS is 0.94 times less with 1 ng/mL increase in serum 25(OH)D (OR: 0.940, 95% CI: 0.887, 0.995, p=0.03). Conclusion. The present study suggests that the likelihood of having VDD among children with DHF/DSS is higher than that in their healthy counterparts. Thus, further studies are critical in confirming whether vitamin D repletion is beneficial in preventing severe forms of dengue in the quest to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with dengue infection.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4173303 |
| spellingShingle | Sharmila Dissanayake Sureshi Tennekoon Sharmila Gaffoor Guwani Liyanage Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control Study Journal of Tropical Medicine |
| title | Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Vitamin D Deficiency in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome among Sri Lankan Children: A Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | vitamin d deficiency in dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome among sri lankan children a case control study |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4173303 |
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