Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as nivolumab have revolutionized cancer therapy, including melanoma. Immune-related events happen in up to 70% of patients. Sarcoid-like reactions are rare and can mimic tumor progression. An 82-year-old man with metastatic melanoma receiving nivolumab for 5...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hoang Tran Pham, Ravindra Gudavalli, Archan M. Shah, An Ho
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American College of Physicians 2025-02-01
Series:Annals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases
Online Access:https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/aimcc.2024.0851
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850147700491681792
author Hoang Tran Pham
Ravindra Gudavalli
Archan M. Shah
An Ho
author_facet Hoang Tran Pham
Ravindra Gudavalli
Archan M. Shah
An Ho
author_sort Hoang Tran Pham
collection DOAJ
description Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as nivolumab have revolutionized cancer therapy, including melanoma. Immune-related events happen in up to 70% of patients. Sarcoid-like reactions are rare and can mimic tumor progression. An 82-year-old man with metastatic melanoma receiving nivolumab for 5 years presented with dyspnea and neck and face swelling. A computed tomography scan of the chest showed paratracheal adenopathy compressing the superior vena cava (SVC) and pleural effusion. Biopsies revealed only benign lymphocytes. The symptoms resolved with a course of prednisone. This case highlights rare nivolumab-induced lymphoid proliferation causing SVC syndrome. New SVC syndrome symptoms should prompt evaluation to distinguish between cancer progression, infection, and drug-induced lymphadenopathy.
format Article
id doaj-art-070145bfad2a41768d6dea45bb86121c
institution OA Journals
issn 2767-7664
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher American College of Physicians
record_format Article
series Annals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases
spelling doaj-art-070145bfad2a41768d6dea45bb86121c2025-08-20T02:27:29ZengAmerican College of PhysiciansAnnals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases2767-76642025-02-014210.7326/aimcc.2024.0851Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case ReportHoang Tran Pham0Ravindra Gudavalli1Archan M. Shah2An Ho31Department of Internal Medicine, Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois2Interventional Pulmonology, Division of OncoMedicine, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center at Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona2Interventional Pulmonology, Division of OncoMedicine, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center at Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona2Interventional Pulmonology, Division of OncoMedicine, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center at Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, ArizonaImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as nivolumab have revolutionized cancer therapy, including melanoma. Immune-related events happen in up to 70% of patients. Sarcoid-like reactions are rare and can mimic tumor progression. An 82-year-old man with metastatic melanoma receiving nivolumab for 5 years presented with dyspnea and neck and face swelling. A computed tomography scan of the chest showed paratracheal adenopathy compressing the superior vena cava (SVC) and pleural effusion. Biopsies revealed only benign lymphocytes. The symptoms resolved with a course of prednisone. This case highlights rare nivolumab-induced lymphoid proliferation causing SVC syndrome. New SVC syndrome symptoms should prompt evaluation to distinguish between cancer progression, infection, and drug-induced lymphadenopathy.https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/aimcc.2024.0851
spellingShingle Hoang Tran Pham
Ravindra Gudavalli
Archan M. Shah
An Ho
Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report
Annals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases
title Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report
title_full Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report
title_fullStr Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report
title_short Severe Superior Vena Cava Syndrome in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Nivolumab: A Case Report
title_sort severe superior vena cava syndrome in a patient with metastatic melanoma receiving nivolumab a case report
url https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/aimcc.2024.0851
work_keys_str_mv AT hoangtranpham severesuperiorvenacavasyndromeinapatientwithmetastaticmelanomareceivingnivolumabacasereport
AT ravindragudavalli severesuperiorvenacavasyndromeinapatientwithmetastaticmelanomareceivingnivolumabacasereport
AT archanmshah severesuperiorvenacavasyndromeinapatientwithmetastaticmelanomareceivingnivolumabacasereport
AT anho severesuperiorvenacavasyndromeinapatientwithmetastaticmelanomareceivingnivolumabacasereport