Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oil

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the potential of ceramic tile dust (CTD)-derived ZSM-5 zeolite (CZ) and its monodispersed composite with metal oxides (MgO and Fe2O3) in the catalytic pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell (HTS). The HTS was pyrolysed in a Fixed-bed reactor at 400–600 °C, a...

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Main Authors: Habu Iyodo Mohammed, Kabir Garba, Saeed I. Ahmed, Lawan G. Abubakar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Waste Management Bulletin
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949750724000774
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author Habu Iyodo Mohammed
Kabir Garba
Saeed I. Ahmed
Lawan G. Abubakar
author_facet Habu Iyodo Mohammed
Kabir Garba
Saeed I. Ahmed
Lawan G. Abubakar
author_sort Habu Iyodo Mohammed
collection DOAJ
description The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the potential of ceramic tile dust (CTD)-derived ZSM-5 zeolite (CZ) and its monodispersed composite with metal oxides (MgO and Fe2O3) in the catalytic pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell (HTS). The HTS was pyrolysed in a Fixed-bed reactor at 400–600 °C, and 100–300 mL/min N2 flowrate. The maximum bio-oil production of 32 % was obtained at 500 °C and 150 mL/min N2 flowrate, with bio-oils containing 50 % acid and octadecenoic acids, as well as esters, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, aromatics, and hydrocarbons. A carboxymethyl cellulose templating agent was employed for the mesoporous zeolite synthesis from CTD. This resulted in the mesoporous zeolite with a predominant ZSM-5 crystal phase, exhibiting pore diameters ranging from 1.8-6 nm, 229 m2/g surface area and 1145 μmol/g total acidity. The catalytic pyrolysis of HTS was conducted using the ZSM-5 zeolite (CZ) and metal-oxide (MgO, Fe2O3, and Fe2O3/FeO) modified CZ, as monodispersed composite catalysts. Under best thermal pyrolysis conditions, CZ-Fe2O3, CZ-MgO, and CZ-Fe2O3/MgO demonstrated 22–23 % bio-oil yields. Notably, the CZ-Fe2O3/MgO catalyst exhibited the highest hydrocarbon yield at 16 %, while the CZ-MgO favoured the production of phenolics, esters, and alcohols. CZ-MgO also displayed the highest coking level at 7.5 %, indicating faster deactivation than the other catalysts. The synthesised catalysts exhibited remarkable catalytic activity, resulting in a notable improvement in the quality of bio-oils obtained from the intermediate pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shells in a fixed-bed reactor.
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spelling doaj-art-06ea728f3ea443fc9a9c30d176f6a9432025-08-20T02:37:06ZengElsevierWaste Management Bulletin2949-75072024-12-0124647510.1016/j.wmb.2024.08.009Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oilHabu Iyodo Mohammed0Kabir Garba1Saeed I. Ahmed2Lawan G. Abubakar3Department of Chemical Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria; Corresponding author at: Department of Chemical Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria.Department of Chemical Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, NigeriaDepartment of Agricultural and Bioresource Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P.M.B 0248, Bauchi, NigeriaThe purpose of this study is to demonstrate the potential of ceramic tile dust (CTD)-derived ZSM-5 zeolite (CZ) and its monodispersed composite with metal oxides (MgO and Fe2O3) in the catalytic pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell (HTS). The HTS was pyrolysed in a Fixed-bed reactor at 400–600 °C, and 100–300 mL/min N2 flowrate. The maximum bio-oil production of 32 % was obtained at 500 °C and 150 mL/min N2 flowrate, with bio-oils containing 50 % acid and octadecenoic acids, as well as esters, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, aromatics, and hydrocarbons. A carboxymethyl cellulose templating agent was employed for the mesoporous zeolite synthesis from CTD. This resulted in the mesoporous zeolite with a predominant ZSM-5 crystal phase, exhibiting pore diameters ranging from 1.8-6 nm, 229 m2/g surface area and 1145 μmol/g total acidity. The catalytic pyrolysis of HTS was conducted using the ZSM-5 zeolite (CZ) and metal-oxide (MgO, Fe2O3, and Fe2O3/FeO) modified CZ, as monodispersed composite catalysts. Under best thermal pyrolysis conditions, CZ-Fe2O3, CZ-MgO, and CZ-Fe2O3/MgO demonstrated 22–23 % bio-oil yields. Notably, the CZ-Fe2O3/MgO catalyst exhibited the highest hydrocarbon yield at 16 %, while the CZ-MgO favoured the production of phenolics, esters, and alcohols. CZ-MgO also displayed the highest coking level at 7.5 %, indicating faster deactivation than the other catalysts. The synthesised catalysts exhibited remarkable catalytic activity, resulting in a notable improvement in the quality of bio-oils obtained from the intermediate pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shells in a fixed-bed reactor.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949750724000774Bio-oilCatalystsCokingHyphaene thebaica shellPyrolysisZSM-5 zeolite
spellingShingle Habu Iyodo Mohammed
Kabir Garba
Saeed I. Ahmed
Lawan G. Abubakar
Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oil
Waste Management Bulletin
Bio-oil
Catalysts
Coking
Hyphaene thebaica shell
Pyrolysis
ZSM-5 zeolite
title Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oil
title_full Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oil
title_fullStr Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oil
title_full_unstemmed Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oil
title_short Pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust-derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio-oil
title_sort pyrolysis of hyphaene thebaica shell over ceramic tile dust derived catalysts and assessment of the produced bio oil
topic Bio-oil
Catalysts
Coking
Hyphaene thebaica shell
Pyrolysis
ZSM-5 zeolite
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949750724000774
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AT saeediahmed pyrolysisofhyphaenethebaicashelloverceramictiledustderivedcatalystsandassessmentoftheproducedbiooil
AT lawangabubakar pyrolysisofhyphaenethebaicashelloverceramictiledustderivedcatalystsandassessmentoftheproducedbiooil