Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content

Abstract Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) is a widely used hormone that synchronizes the female cycle and induces estrus in livestock. eCG is a heterodimeric glycoprotein composed of non-covalently linked α- and β-chains whose glycosylation profiles determine the in vivo activity of the hormone....

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Main Authors: Martina Lösle, Chia-Wei Lin, Jane Beil-Wagner, Markus Aebi, Thorsten Buch
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90833-3
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author Martina Lösle
Chia-Wei Lin
Jane Beil-Wagner
Markus Aebi
Thorsten Buch
author_facet Martina Lösle
Chia-Wei Lin
Jane Beil-Wagner
Markus Aebi
Thorsten Buch
author_sort Martina Lösle
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) is a widely used hormone that synchronizes the female cycle and induces estrus in livestock. eCG is a heterodimeric glycoprotein composed of non-covalently linked α- and β-chains whose glycosylation profiles determine the in vivo activity of the hormone. The commercially available eCG products are crudely purified from the serum of pregnant mares, hence called pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). Appropriate glycosylation of the protein is crucial for the correct binding to the receptor, receptor activation, and its half-life. The exact protein composition of the various commercial PMSG products and their specific glycosylation pattern have not been characterized so far. Therefore, we used proteomic approaches to analyse and compare four commercial PMSG products. Here we show that the examined PMSGs share a surprisingly low level of commonalities (5.5%) in protein composition among the four tested products, with serum proteins as the primary variable. Analysing the site-specific N-glycosylation, we confirmed the presence of O-acetylation of sialic acids at the structure of the glycans of eCG, which we could not find in significant amounts on human CG, suggesting that this modification is species-specific. It remains to be tested whether the O-acetylation plays an important role in the function of PMSG. However, this modification shall be considered while recombinant eCG are produced.
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issn 2045-2322
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publishDate 2025-02-01
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spelling doaj-art-06e185724bca42eb8991cf8d87cf10962025-08-20T03:04:11ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-90833-3Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein contentMartina Lösle0Chia-Wei Lin1Jane Beil-Wagner2Markus Aebi3Thorsten Buch4Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of ZurichFunctional Genomics Center Zürich, ETH ZürichInstitute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of ZurichInstitute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH ZürichInstitute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of ZurichAbstract Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) is a widely used hormone that synchronizes the female cycle and induces estrus in livestock. eCG is a heterodimeric glycoprotein composed of non-covalently linked α- and β-chains whose glycosylation profiles determine the in vivo activity of the hormone. The commercially available eCG products are crudely purified from the serum of pregnant mares, hence called pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). Appropriate glycosylation of the protein is crucial for the correct binding to the receptor, receptor activation, and its half-life. The exact protein composition of the various commercial PMSG products and their specific glycosylation pattern have not been characterized so far. Therefore, we used proteomic approaches to analyse and compare four commercial PMSG products. Here we show that the examined PMSGs share a surprisingly low level of commonalities (5.5%) in protein composition among the four tested products, with serum proteins as the primary variable. Analysing the site-specific N-glycosylation, we confirmed the presence of O-acetylation of sialic acids at the structure of the glycans of eCG, which we could not find in significant amounts on human CG, suggesting that this modification is species-specific. It remains to be tested whether the O-acetylation plays an important role in the function of PMSG. However, this modification shall be considered while recombinant eCG are produced.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90833-3Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG)Lutropin/Luteinizing hormone (LH)O-acetylationPregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG)Sulfation
spellingShingle Martina Lösle
Chia-Wei Lin
Jane Beil-Wagner
Markus Aebi
Thorsten Buch
Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content
Scientific Reports
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG)
Lutropin/Luteinizing hormone (LH)
O-acetylation
Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG)
Sulfation
title Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content
title_full Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content
title_fullStr Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content
title_short Comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content
title_sort comparison of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin products with surprising differences in protein content
topic Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG)
Lutropin/Luteinizing hormone (LH)
O-acetylation
Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG)
Sulfation
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-90833-3
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AT janebeilwagner comparisonofpregnantmareserumgonadotropinproductswithsurprisingdifferencesinproteincontent
AT markusaebi comparisonofpregnantmareserumgonadotropinproductswithsurprisingdifferencesinproteincontent
AT thorstenbuch comparisonofpregnantmareserumgonadotropinproductswithsurprisingdifferencesinproteincontent