Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records.
<h4>Introduction</h4>Following the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, a record number of people became economically inactive in the UK. We investigated the association between coronavirus infection and subsequent economic inactivity among people employed pre-pandemic, and whether this...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321201 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850155051106959360 |
|---|---|
| author | Richard J Shaw Olivia K L Hamilton Rebecca Rhead Richard J Silverwood Jacques Wels Jingmin Zhu Giorgio Di Gessa Ruth C E Bowyer Bettina Moltrecht Michael J Green Evangelia Demou Serena Pattaro Paola Zaninotto Andy Boyd Felix Greaves Nishi Chaturvedi George B Ploubidis Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi |
| author_facet | Richard J Shaw Olivia K L Hamilton Rebecca Rhead Richard J Silverwood Jacques Wels Jingmin Zhu Giorgio Di Gessa Ruth C E Bowyer Bettina Moltrecht Michael J Green Evangelia Demou Serena Pattaro Paola Zaninotto Andy Boyd Felix Greaves Nishi Chaturvedi George B Ploubidis Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi |
| author_sort | Richard J Shaw |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Introduction</h4>Following the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, a record number of people became economically inactive in the UK. We investigated the association between coronavirus infection and subsequent economic inactivity among people employed pre-pandemic, and whether this association varied between self-report versus healthcare recorded infection status.<h4>Methods</h4>We pooled data from five longitudinal studies (1970 British Cohort Study, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, 1958 National Child Development Study, Next Steps, and Understanding Society), in two databases: the UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration (UKLLC), which links study data to NHS England records, and the UK Data Service (UKDS), which does not. The study population were aged 25-65 years between April 2020 to March 2021. The outcome was economic inactivity measured at the time of the last survey (November 2020 to March 2021). The exposures were COVID-19 status, indicated by a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in NHS records (UKLLC sample only), or by self-reported measures of coronavirus infection (both samples). Logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) adjusting for potential confounders including sociodemographic variables and pre-pandemic health.<h4>Results</h4>Within the UKLLC sample (N = 8,174), both a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in NHS records (5.9% of the sample; OR 1.08, 95%CI 0.68-1.73) and self-reported positive tests (6.5% of the sample; OR 1.07, 95%CI 0.68-1.69), were marginally and non-significantly associated with economic inactivity (5.3% of the sample) in adjusted analyses. Within the larger UKDS sample (n = 13,881) reliant on self-reported ascertainment of infection (6.4% of the sample), the coefficient indicated a null relationship (OR 0.98, 95%CI 0.68-1.40) with economic inactivity (5.0% of sample).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Among people employed pre-pandemic, testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 was not associated with increased economic inactivity, although we could not exclude small effects. Ascertaining infection through healthcare records or self-report made little difference to results. However, processes related to record linkage may introduce small biases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-06e0e9cbd63145fcafc6aa87ae5d3776 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-06e0e9cbd63145fcafc6aa87ae5d37762025-08-20T02:25:03ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01204e032120110.1371/journal.pone.0321201Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records.Richard J ShawOlivia K L HamiltonRebecca RheadRichard J SilverwoodJacques WelsJingmin ZhuGiorgio Di GessaRuth C E BowyerBettina MoltrechtMichael J GreenEvangelia DemouSerena PattaroPaola ZaninottoAndy BoydFelix GreavesNishi ChaturvediGeorge B PloubidisSrinivasa Vittal Katikireddi<h4>Introduction</h4>Following the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, a record number of people became economically inactive in the UK. We investigated the association between coronavirus infection and subsequent economic inactivity among people employed pre-pandemic, and whether this association varied between self-report versus healthcare recorded infection status.<h4>Methods</h4>We pooled data from five longitudinal studies (1970 British Cohort Study, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, 1958 National Child Development Study, Next Steps, and Understanding Society), in two databases: the UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration (UKLLC), which links study data to NHS England records, and the UK Data Service (UKDS), which does not. The study population were aged 25-65 years between April 2020 to March 2021. The outcome was economic inactivity measured at the time of the last survey (November 2020 to March 2021). The exposures were COVID-19 status, indicated by a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in NHS records (UKLLC sample only), or by self-reported measures of coronavirus infection (both samples). Logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) adjusting for potential confounders including sociodemographic variables and pre-pandemic health.<h4>Results</h4>Within the UKLLC sample (N = 8,174), both a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in NHS records (5.9% of the sample; OR 1.08, 95%CI 0.68-1.73) and self-reported positive tests (6.5% of the sample; OR 1.07, 95%CI 0.68-1.69), were marginally and non-significantly associated with economic inactivity (5.3% of the sample) in adjusted analyses. Within the larger UKDS sample (n = 13,881) reliant on self-reported ascertainment of infection (6.4% of the sample), the coefficient indicated a null relationship (OR 0.98, 95%CI 0.68-1.40) with economic inactivity (5.0% of sample).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Among people employed pre-pandemic, testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 was not associated with increased economic inactivity, although we could not exclude small effects. Ascertaining infection through healthcare records or self-report made little difference to results. However, processes related to record linkage may introduce small biases.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321201 |
| spellingShingle | Richard J Shaw Olivia K L Hamilton Rebecca Rhead Richard J Silverwood Jacques Wels Jingmin Zhu Giorgio Di Gessa Ruth C E Bowyer Bettina Moltrecht Michael J Green Evangelia Demou Serena Pattaro Paola Zaninotto Andy Boyd Felix Greaves Nishi Chaturvedi George B Ploubidis Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records. PLoS ONE |
| title | Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records. |
| title_full | Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records. |
| title_fullStr | Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records. |
| title_short | Associations between different measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity: A pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records. |
| title_sort | associations between different measures of sars cov 2 infection status and subsequent economic inactivity a pooled analysis of five longitudinal surveys linked to healthcare records |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321201 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT richardjshaw associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT oliviaklhamilton associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT rebeccarhead associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT richardjsilverwood associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT jacqueswels associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT jingminzhu associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT giorgiodigessa associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT ruthcebowyer associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT bettinamoltrecht associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT michaeljgreen associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT evangeliademou associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT serenapattaro associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT paolazaninotto associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT andyboyd associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT felixgreaves associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT nishichaturvedi associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT georgebploubidis associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords AT srinivasavittalkatikireddi associationsbetweendifferentmeasuresofsarscov2infectionstatusandsubsequenteconomicinactivityapooledanalysisoffivelongitudinalsurveyslinkedtohealthcarerecords |